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The A2AS framework is introduced as a security layer for AI agents and LLM-powered applications, similar to how HTTPS secures HTTP. A2AS enforces certified behavior, activates model self-defense, and ensures context window integrity. It…

Human fallibility, unpredictable operating environments, and the heterogeneity of hardware devices are driving the need for software to be able to adapt as seen in the Internet of Things or telecommunication networks. Unfortunately,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Paul Harvey , Simon Fowler , Ornela Dardha , Simon J. Gay

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) is important for applications where large scale annotation of representative data is challenging. For semantic segmentation in particular, it helps deploy on real "target domain" data models that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Tuan-Hung Vu , Himalaya Jain , Maxime Bucher , Matthieu Cord , Patrick Pérez

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, yet universal and transferable attacks remain underexplored, as most existing patches overfit to a single model and fail in black-box settings. To address this gap,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Hui Lu , Yi Yu , Yiming Yang , Chenyu Yi , Qixin Zhang , Bingquan Shen , Alex C. Kot , Xudong Jiang

The 5G Phase-2 and beyond wireless systems will focus more on vertical applications such as autonomous driving and industrial Internet-of-things, many of which are categorized as ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (uRLLC). In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Zhiyuan Jiang , Siyu Fu , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu , Shunqing Zhang , Shugong Xu

AI web agents use Internet resources at far greater speed, scale, and complexity -- changing how users and services interact. Deployed maliciously or erroneously, these agents could overload content providers. At the same time, web agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Abhinav Kumar , Jaechul Roh , Ali Naseh , Amir Houmansadr , Eugene Bagdasarian

Offensive language such as hate, abuse, and profanity (HAP) occurs in various content on the web. While previous work has mostly dealt with sentence level annotations, there have been a few recent attempts to identify offensive spans as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Christoph Tillmann , Aashka Trivedi , Sara Rosenthal , Santosh Borse , Rong Zhang , Avirup Sil , Bishwaranjan Bhattacharjee

Various convolutional neural network (CNN) based concepts have been introduced for the prostate's automatic segmentation and its coarse subdivision into transition zone (TZ) and peripheral zone (PZ). However, when targeting a fine-grained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Anneke Meyer , Suhita Ghosh , Daniel Schindele , Martin Schostak , Sebastian Stober , Christian Hansen , Marko Rak

AI agents, powered by large language models (LLMs), have transformed human-computer interactions by enabling seamless, natural, and context-aware communication. While these advancements offer immense utility, they also inherit and amplify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Xuying Li , Zhuo Li , Yuji Kosuga , Yasuhiro Yoshida , Victor Bian

Despite rapid progress in building conversational AI agents, robustness is still largely untested. Small shifts in user behavior, such as being more impatient, incoherent, or skeptical, can cause sharp drops in agent performance, revealing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Muyu He , Anand Kumar , Tsach Mackey , Meghana Rajeev , James Zou , Nazneen Rajani

Understanding user behavior is essential for improving digital experiences, optimizing business conversions, and mitigating threats like account takeovers, fraud, and bot attacks. Most platforms separate product analytics and security,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Md Zahurul Haque , Md. Hafizur Rahman , Yeahyea Sarker

The increasing reliance of drivers on navigation applications has made transportation networks more susceptible to data-manipulation attacks by malicious actors. Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities in the data collection or processing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Taha Eghtesad , Sirui Li , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Aron Laszka

Ransomware continues to evolve as one of the most disruptive cyber threats, with recent variants increasingly leveraging automated and AI-assisted techniques to evade traditional signature-based defenses. Early detection of such attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Prabhudarshi Nayak , Gogulakrishnan Thiyagarajan , Debashree Priyadarshini , Vinay Bist , Rohan Swain

In this paper, we study a novel technique that exploits the interaction between speaker traits and linguistic content to improve both speaker verification and utterance verification performance. We implement an idea of speaker-utterance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-21 Tianchi Liu , Rohan Kumar Das , Maulik Madhavi , Shengmei Shen , Haizhou Li

Utterance interpretation is one of the main functions of a dialogue manager, which is the key component of a dialogue system. We propose the action state update approach (ASU) for utterance interpretation, featuring a statistically trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Svetlana Stoyanchev , Simon Keizer , Rama Doddipatla

Knowledge-based systems reason over some knowledge base. Hence, an important issue for such systems is how to acquire the knowledge needed for their inference. This paper assesses active learning methods for acquiring knowledge for "static…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Xueqi Yang , Zhe Yu , Junjie Wang , Tim Menzies

With the increasing need for facial behavior analysis, semi-supervised AU intensity estimation using only keyframe annotations has emerged as a practical and effective solution to relieve the burden of annotation. However, the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yingjie Chen , Jiarui Zhang , Tao Wang , Yun Liang

Target Safety Assessment (TSA) requires systematic integration of heterogeneous evidence, including genetic, transcriptomic, target homology, pharmacological, and clinical data, to evaluate potential safety liabilities of therapeutic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xiaochen Zheng , Zhiwen Jiang , Melanie Guerard , Klas Hatje , Tatyana Doktorova

The Unified Software Development Process (USDP) and UML have been now generally accepted as the standard methodology and modeling language for developing Object-Oriented Systems. Although Agent-based Systems introduces new issues, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mihaela Dinsoreanu , Ioan Salomie , Kalman Pusztai

A multi-agent AI system (MAS) is composed of multiple autonomous agents that interact, exchange information, and make decisions based on internal generative models. Recent advances in large language models and tool-using agents have made…