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Code cloning is not only assumed to inflate maintenance costs but also considered defect-prone as inconsistent changes to code duplicates can lead to unexpected behavior. Consequently, the identification of duplicated code, clone detection,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Elmar Juergens , Florian Deissenboeck , Benjamin Hummel , Stefan Wagner

Code contrastive pre-training has recently achieved significant progress on code-related tasks. In this paper, we present \textbf{SCodeR}, a \textbf{S}oft-labeled contrastive pre-training framework with two positive sample construction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Xiaonan Li , Daya Guo , Yeyun Gong , Yun Lin , Yelong Shen , Xipeng Qiu , Daxin Jiang , Weizhu Chen , Nan Duan

Neural networks have revolutionized various domains, exhibiting remarkable accuracy in tasks like natural language processing and computer vision. However, their vulnerability to slight alterations in input samples poses challenges,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Shashank Kotyan , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas

Despite exciting progress in causal language models, the expressiveness of the representations is largely limited due to poor discrimination ability. To remedy this issue, we present ContraCLM, a novel contrastive learning framework at both…

To advance the understanding of robust deep learning, we delve into the effects of adversarial training on self-supervised and supervised contrastive learning alongside supervised learning. Our analysis uncovers significant disparities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Fatemeh Ghofrani , Mehdi Yaghouti , Pooyan Jamshidi

Deep learning methods, which have found successful applications in fields like image classification and natural language processing, have recently been applied to source code analysis too, due to the enormous amount of freely available…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Rocìo Cabrera Lozoya , Arnaud Baumann , Antonino Sabetta , Michele Bezzi

One of the well-known challenges in computer vision tasks is the visual diversity of images, which could result in an agreement or disagreement between the learned knowledge and the visual content exhibited by the current observation. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Yan Luo , Yongkang Wong , Mohan S. Kankanhalli , Qi Zhao

We consider the well-known and important tasks of clone detection and information retrieval for source code. The most standard setup is to search clones inside the same language code snippets. But it is also useful to find code snippets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Anton Tikhonov , Nikita Sorokin , Dmitry Abulkhanov , Irina Piontkovskaya , Sergey Nikolenko , Valentin Malykh

Code clone is a serious problem in software and has the potential to software defects, maintenance overhead, and licensing violations. Therefore, clone detection is important for reducing maintenance effort and improving code quality during…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Min Fu , Gang Luo , Xi Zheng , Tianyi Zhang , Dongjin Yu , Miryung Kim

Large-scale pre-trained models such as CodeBERT, GraphCodeBERT have earned widespread attention from both academia and industry. Attributed to the superior ability in code representation, they have been further applied in multiple…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Shangqing Liu , Bozhi Wu , Xiaofei Xie , Guozhu Meng , Yang Liu

Code cloning, the duplication of code fragments, is common in software development. While some reuse aids productivity, excessive cloning hurts maintainability and introduces bugs. Hence, automatic code clone detection is vital. Meanwhile,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shihan Dou , Junjie Shan , Haoxiang Jia , Wenhao Deng , Zhiheng Xi , Wei He , Yueming Wu , Tao Gui , Yang Liu , Xuanjing Huang

Despite recent success of self-supervised based contrastive learning model for 3D point clouds representation, the adversarial robustness of such pre-trained models raised concerns. Adversarial contrastive learning (ACL) is considered an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Junxuan Huang , Yatong An , Lu cheng , Bai Chen , Junsong Yuan , Chunming Qiao

Image-Text Retrieval (ITR) is challenging in bridging visual and lingual modalities. Contrastive learning has been adopted by most prior arts. Except for limited amount of negative image-text pairs, the capability of constrastive learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Haoran Wang , Dongliang He , Wenhao Wu , Boyang Xia , Min Yang , Fu Li , Yunlong Yu , Zhong Ji , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been successfully applied to classification and other downstream tasks related to concrete concepts, such as objects contained in the ImageNet dataset. No attempts seem to have been made so far in applying this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Daniel N. Nissani

Contrastive learning is an efficient approach to self-supervised representation learning. Although recent studies have made progress in the theoretical understanding of contrastive learning, the investigation of how to characterize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Hiroki Waida , Yuichiro Wada , Léo Andéol , Takumi Nakagawa , Yuhui Zhang , Takafumi Kanamori

Learning scientific document representations can be substantially improved through contrastive learning objectives, where the challenge lies in creating positive and negative training samples that encode the desired similarity semantics.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Malte Ostendorff , Nils Rethmeier , Isabelle Augenstein , Bela Gipp , Georg Rehm

Cross-language code clone detection (X-CCD) is challenging because semantically equivalent programs written in different languages often share little surface similarity. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Mohamad Khajezade , Fatemeh H. Fard , Mohamed Sami Shehata

LLMs demonstrate significant potential across various software engineering tasks. However, they still face challenges in generating correct code on the first attempt when addressing complex requirements. Introducing a discriminator to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Qingyuan Liang , Zhao Zhang , Chen Liu , Zeyu Sun , Wenjie Zhang , Yizhou Chen , Zixiao Zhao , Qi Luo , Wentao Wang , Yanjie Jiang , Yingfei Xiong , Lu Zhang

Detectingandsegmentingobjectswithinwholeslideimagesis essential in computational pathology workflow. Self-supervised learning (SSL) is appealing to such annotation-heavy tasks. Despite the extensive benchmarks in natural images for dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Jiawei Yang , Hanbo Chen , Yuan Liang , Junzhou Huang , Lei He , Jianhua Yao

Whilst contrastive learning has recently brought notable benefits to deep clustering of unlabelled images by learning sample-specific discriminative visual features, its potential for explicitly inferring class decision boundaries is less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Jiabo Huang , Shaogang Gong