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Unsupervised contrastive learning has gained increasing attention in the latest research and has proven to be a powerful method for learning representations from unlabeled data. However, little theoretical analysis was known for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Zixin Wen

Test-time adaptation is a special setting of unsupervised domain adaptation where a trained model on the source domain has to adapt to the target domain without accessing source data. We propose a novel way to leverage self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Dian Chen , Dequan Wang , Trevor Darrell , Sayna Ebrahimi

Contrastive learning has made considerable progress in computer vision, outperforming supervised pretraining on a range of downstream datasets. However, is contrastive learning the better choice in all situations? We demonstrate two cases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Ananya Karthik , Mike Wu , Noah Goodman , Alex Tamkin

Understanding self-supervised learning is important but challenging. Previous theoretical works study the role of pretraining losses, and view neural networks as general black boxes. However, the recent work of Saunshi et al. argues that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jeff Z. HaoChen , Tengyu Ma

Self-supervised representation learning has achieved impressive empirical success, yet its theoretical understanding remains limited. In this work, we provide a theoretical perspective by formulating self-supervised representation learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Byeongchan Lee

Recently, dense contrastive learning has shown superior performance on dense prediction tasks compared to instance-level contrastive learning. Despite its supremacy, the properties of dense contrastive representations have not yet been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jong Hak Moon , Wonjae Kim , Edward Choi

Self-supervised Contrastive Learning (CL) has been recently shown to be very effective in preventing deep networks from overfitting noisy labels. Despite its empirical success, the theoretical understanding of the effect of contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Yihao Xue , Kyle Whitecross , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Attention-based sequential recommendation methods have shown promise in accurately capturing users' evolving interests from their past interactions. Recent research has also explored the integration of reinforcement learning (RL) into these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Melissa Mozifian , Tristan Sylvain , Dave Evans , Lili Meng

Self-supervised learning has gained popularity because of its ability to avoid the cost of annotating large-scale datasets. It is capable of adopting self-defined pseudo labels as supervision and use the learned representations for several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ashish Jaiswal , Ashwin Ramesh Babu , Mohammad Zaki Zadeh , Debapriya Banerjee , Fillia Makedon

Building dense retrievers requires a series of standard procedures, including training and validating neural models and creating indexes for efficient search. However, these procedures are often misaligned in that training objectives do not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Gyuwan Kim , Jinhyuk Lee , Barlas Oguz , Wenhan Xiong , Yizhe Zhang , Yashar Mehdad , William Yang Wang

Contrastive learning has gained popularity and pushes state-of-the-art performance across numerous large-scale benchmarks. In contrastive learning, the contrastive loss function plays a pivotal role in discerning similarities between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haojin Deng , Yimin Yang

Contrastive self-supervised learning has emerged as a promising approach to unsupervised visual representation learning. In general, these methods learn global (image-level) representations that are invariant to different views (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Pedro O. Pinheiro , Amjad Almahairi , Ryan Y. Benmalek , Florian Golemo , Aaron Courville

Self-supervised pre-training of deep learning models with contrastive learning is a widely used technique in image analysis. Current findings indicate a strong potential for contrastive pre-training on medical images. However, further…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-21 Daniel Wolf , Tristan Payer , Catharina Silvia Lisson , Christoph Gerhard Lisson , Meinrad Beer , Michael Götz , Timo Ropinski

Conventional semi-supervised contrastive learning methods assign pseudo-labels only to samples whose highest predicted class probability exceeds a predefined threshold, and then perform supervised contrastive learning using those selected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Shogo Nakayama , Masahiro Okuda

Contrastive learning between multiple views of the data has recently achieved state of the art performance in the field of self-supervised representation learning. Despite its success, the influence of different view choices has been less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Yonglong Tian , Chen Sun , Ben Poole , Dilip Krishnan , Cordelia Schmid , Phillip Isola

Although pre-trained language models show good performance on various natural language processing tasks, they often rely on non-causal features and patterns to determine the outcome. For natural language inference tasks, previous results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Heerin Yang , Sseung-won Hwang , Jungmin So

Contrastive learning is commonly applied to self-supervised learning, and has been shown to outperform traditional approaches such as the triplet loss and N-pair loss. However, the requirement of large batch sizes and memory banks has made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Rishab Balasubramanian , Rupashree Dey , Kunal Rathore

In neutrino physics, analyses often depend on large simulated datasets, making it essential for models to generalise effectively to real-world detector data. Contrastive learning, a well-established technique in deep learning, offers a…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-05-23 Alex Wilkinson , Radi Radev , Saul Alonso-Monsalve

Contrastive learning has been used to learn a high-quality representation of the image in computer vision. However, contrastive learning is not widely utilized in natural language processing due to the lack of a general method of data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Peng Su , Yifan Peng , K. Vijay-Shanker

Large language models (LLMs) struggle in knowledge-intensive tasks, as retrievers often overfit to surface similarity and fail on queries involving complex logical relations. The capacity for logical analysis is inherent in model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wenxuan Zhang , Yuan-Hao Jiang , Changyong Qi , Rui Jia , Yonghe Wu
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