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A central challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning is enabling agents to adapt to previously unseen teammates in a zero-shot fashion. Prior work in zero-shot coordination often follows a two-stage process, first generating a diverse…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Andrew Ni , Simon Stepputtis , Stefanos Nikolaidis , Michael Lewis , Katia P. Sycara , Woojun Kim

The latest developments in AI focus on agentic systems where artificial and human agents cooperate to realize global goals. An example is collaborative learning, which aims to train a global model based on data from individual agents. A…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Björn Filter , Ralf Möller , Özgür Lütfü Özçep

Zero-shot coordination (ZSC) is a new cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) challenge that aims to train an ego agent to work with diverse, unseen partners during deployment. The significant difference between the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Xihuai Wang , Shao Zhang , Wenhao Zhang , Wentao Dong , Jingxiao Chen , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang

In cooperative training, humans within a team coordinate on complex tasks, building mental models of their teammates and learning to adapt to teammates' actions in real-time. To reduce the often prohibitive scheduling constraints associated…

With the advancements of artificial intelligence (AI), we're seeing more scenarios that require AI to work closely with other agents, whose goals and strategies might not be known beforehand. However, existing approaches for training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Zuyuan Zhang , Hanhan Zhou , Mahdi Imani , Taeyoung Lee , Tian Lan

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly coordinate in multi-agent systems, yet we lack an understanding of where and why cooperation failures may arise. In many real-world coordination problems, from knowledge sharing in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Advait Yadav , Sid Black , Oliver Sourbut

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is advancing at an unprecedented pace, with clear potential to enhance decision-making and productivity. Yet, the collaborative decision-making process between humans and AI remains underdeveloped, often falling…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Bowen Lou , Tian Lu , T. S. Raghu , Yingjie Zhang

Enabling humanoid robots to clean rooms has long been a pursued dream within humanoid research communities. However, many tasks require multi-humanoid collaboration, such as carrying large and heavy furniture together. Given the scarcity of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jiawei Gao , Ziqin Wang , Zeqi Xiao , Jingbo Wang , Tai Wang , Jinkun Cao , Xiaolin Hu , Si Liu , Jifeng Dai , Jiangmiao Pang

We explore the potential for productive team-based collaboration between humans and Artificial Intelligence (AI) by presenting and conducting initial tests with a general framework that enables multiple human and AI agents to work together…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Benjamin Klieger , Charis Charitsis , Miroslav Suzara , Sierra Wang , Nick Haber , John C. Mitchell

AI systems are being deployed to support human decision making in high-stakes domains. In many cases, the human and AI form a team, in which the human makes decisions after reviewing the AI's inferences. A successful partnership requires…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Gagan Bansal , Besmira Nushi , Ece Kamar , Dan Weld , Walter Lasecki , Eric Horvitz

In human-AI decision making, designing AI that complements human expertise has been a natural strategy to enhance human-AI collaboration, yet it often comes at the cost of decreased AI performance in areas of human strengths. This can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hasan Amin , Ming Yin , Rajiv Khanna

While there has been significant progress in curriculum learning and continuous learning for training agents to generalize across a wide variety of environments in the context of single-agent reinforcement learning, it is unclear if these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Rupali Bhati , Sai Krishna Gottipati , Clodéric Mars , Matthew E. Taylor

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to develop agents that can collaborate effectively. However, most cooperative MARL methods overfit training agents, making learned policies not generalize well to unseen…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Kanefumi Matsuyama , Kefan Su , Jiangxing Wang , Deheng Ye , Zongqing Lu

Cooperation is the foundation of ecosystems and the human society, and the reinforcement learning provides crucial insight into the mechanism for its emergence. However, most previous work has mostly focused on the self-organization at the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-05-17 Zhen-Wei Ding , Guo-Zhong Zheng , Chao-Ran Cai , Wei-Ran Cai , Li Chen , Ji-Qiang Zhang , Xu-Ming Wang

State-of-the-art methods for Human-AI Teaming and Zero-shot Cooperation focus on task completion, i.e., task rewards, as the sole evaluation metric while being agnostic to how the two agents work with each other. Furthermore, subjective…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Upasana Biswas , Vardhan Palod , Siddhant Bhambri , Subbarao Kambhampati

The intuitive collaboration of humans and intelligent robots (embodied AI) in the real-world is an essential objective for many desirable applications of robotics. Whilst there is much research regarding explicit communication, we focus on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Ali Shafti , Jonas Tjomsland , William Dudley , A. Aldo Faisal

One of the key issues in human-robot collaboration is the development of computational models that allow robots to predict and adapt to human behavior. Much progress has been achieved in developing such models, as well as control techniques…

LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed for expert decision support, yet human-AI teams in high-stakes settings do not yet reliably outperform the best individual. We argue this complementarity gap reflects a fundamental mismatch:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Raunak Jain

This paper addresses the problem of Multi-robot Coverage Path Planning (MCPP) for unknown environments in the presence of robot failures. Unexpected robot failures can seriously degrade the performance of a robot team and in extreme cases…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Junnan Song , Shalabh Gupta

Among the many anticipated roles for robots in the future is that of being a human teammate. Aside from all the technological hurdles that have to be overcome with respect to hardware and control to make robots fit to work with humans, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-15 Tathagata Chakraborti , Subbarao Kambhampati , Matthias Scheutz , Yu Zhang