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Thermostatically controlled loads and electric vehicles offer flexibility to reduce power peaks in low-voltage distribution networks. This flexibility can be maximized if the devices are coordinated centrally, given some level of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Katharina Kaiser , Gustavo Valverde , Gabriela Hug

This paper presents a method for predictive aggregation of the available flexibility at the residential unit level into a flexibility chart that represents the admissible active and reactive powers, along with the associated flexibility…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Clément Moureau , Thomas Stegen , Mevludin Glavic , Bertrand Cornélusse

Controllable building loads have the potential to increase the flexibility of power systems. A key step in developing effective and attainable load control policies is modeling the set of feasible building load profiles. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Jesus E. Contreras-Ocaña , Miguel A. Ortega-Vazquez , Daniel Kirschen , Baosen Zhang

To respond to volatility and congestion in the power grid, demand response (DR) mechanisms allow for shaping the load compared to a base load profile. When tapping on a large population of heterogeneous appliances as a DR resource, the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-04-09 Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Anna Scaglione , Andy Applebaum , George Kesidis , Karl Levitt

The objective of this paper is to improve the accuracy and robustness of optimal power flow (OPF) formulations for distribution systems modeled down to the low-voltage point of connection of individual buildings. An approach for addressing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Dakota Hamilton , Loraine Navarro , Dionysios Aliprantis

The development of current building energy system operation has benefited from: 1. Informational support from the optimal design through simulation or first-principles models; 2. System load and energy prediction through machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Xia Chen , Xiaoye Cai , Alexander Kümpel , Dirk Müller , Philipp Geyer

Given the complexity of power systems, particularly the high-dimensional variability of net loads, accurately depicting the entire operational range of net loads poses a challenge. To address this, recent methodologies have sought to gauge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Xinyi Zhao , Lei Fan , Fei Ding , Weijia Liu , Chaoyue Zhao

A market consisting of a generator with thermal and renewable generation capability, a set of non-preemptive loads (i.e., loads which cannot be interrupted once started), and an independent system operator (ISO) is considered. Loads are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-14 Nathan Dahlin , Rahul Jain

We propose an optimal operation control strategy for an electro-thermal microgrid. Compared to existing work, our approach increases flexibility by operating the thermal network with variable flow temperatures and in that way explicitly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-03 Max Rose , Christian A. Hans , Johannes Schiffer

Buildings account for approximately 40% of global energy consumption, and with the growing share of intermittent renewable energy sources, enabling demand-side flexibility, particularly in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Colin Jüni , Mina Montazeri , Yi Guo , Federica Bellizio , Giovanni Sansavini , Philipp Heer

Motivated by the increasing need to hedge against load and generation uncertainty in the operation of power grids, we propose flexibility maximization during operation. We consider flexibility explicitly as the amount of uncertainty that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Aron Zingler , Stephane Fliscounakis , Patrick Panciatici , Alexander Mitsos

To mitigate global climate change, distributed energy resources (DERs), such as distributed generators, flexible loads, and energy storage systems (ESSs), have witnessed rapid growth in power distribution systems. When properly managed,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Rui Xie , Yue Chen

The variability caused by the proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs) and the significant growth in unbalanced three-phase loads pose unprecedented challenges to distribution network operations. This paper focuses on how a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-31 Zelong Lu , Jianxue Wang , Mohammad Shahidehpour , Linquan Bai , Zuyi Li , Lei Yan , Xianlong Chen

Increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and electrification of energy systems necessitates the engagement of demand-side management (DSM) to help alleviate congestion in electricity grid. Heat pump and thermal energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-24 Weihong Tang , Yun Li , Shalika Walker , Tamas Keviczky

This paper proposes a method to design network-aware flexibility requests for local flexibility markets. These markets are becoming increasingly important for distribution system operators (DSOs) to ensure grid safety while minimizing costs…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Eléa Prat , Irena Dukovska , Lars Herre , Rahul Nellikkath , Malte Thoma , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

Accurate forecasting of the electrical load, such as the magnitude and the timing of peak power, is crucial to successful power system management and implementation of smart grid strategies like demand response and peak shaving. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Dafang Zhao , Xihao Piao , Zheng Chen , Zhengmao Li , Ittetsu Taniguchi

Demand response services at the distribution level are emerging as enabling strategies for improving grid reliability in the presence of intermittent renewable generation and grid congestion. For residential loads, space heating and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Erhan Can Ozcan , Emiliano Dall'Anese , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis

Distribution grid operation faces new challenges caused by a rising share of renewable energy sources and the introduction of additional types of loads to the grid. With the increasing adoption of distributed generation and emerging…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-07 Sebastian Peter , Daniel Feismann , Johannes Bao , Thomas Oberließen , Christian Rehtanz

Being able to adjust the demand of electricity can be an effective means for power system operators to compensate fluctuating renewable generation, to avoid grid congestion, and to cope with other contingencies. Electric heating and cooling…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Fabian L. Müller , Bernhard Jansen

A distribution system can flexibly adjust its substation-level power output by aggregating its local distributed energy resources (DERs). Due to DER and network constraints, characterizing the exact feasible power output region is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Qi Li , Jianzhe Liu , Bai Cui , Wenzhan Song , Jin Ye