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Existing memory benchmarks for LLM agents evaluate explicit recall of facts, yet overlook implicit memory where experience becomes automated behavior without conscious retrieval. This gap is critical: effective assistants must automatically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chonghan Qin , Xiachong Feng , Weitao Ma , Xiaocheng Feng , Lingpeng Kong

Retrieval-Augmented Language Models boost task performance, owing to the retriever that provides external knowledge. Although crucial, the retriever primarily focuses on semantics relevance, which may not always be effective for generation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yilong Xu , Jinhua Gao , Xiaoming Yu , Yuanhai Xue , Baolong Bi , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Dense retrieval models usually adopt vectors from the last hidden layer of the document encoder to represent a document, which is in contrast to the fact that representations in different layers of a pre-trained language model usually…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhongbin Xie , Thomas Lukasiewicz

The key challenge in semantic search is to create models that are both accurate and efficient in pinpointing relevant sentences for queries. While BERT-style bi-encoders excel in efficiency with pre-computed embeddings, they often miss…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Zihan Liao , Hang Yu , Jianguo Li , Jun Wang , Wei Zhang

Deep search has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling agents to retrieve fine-grained historical information without heavy memory pre-managed. However, existing deep search agents for memory system repeat past error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xinyuan Wang , Wenyu Mao , Junkang Wu , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

The fine-tuning of large vision-language foundation models remains an underexplored area, particularly regarding its impact on learning gains and catastrophic forgetting. Inspired by the significance of modality gaps in contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Laura Niss , Kevin Vogt-Lowell , Theodoros Tsiligkaridis

Late interaction retrieval methods, pioneered by ColBERT, have emerged as a powerful alternative to single-vector neural IR. By leveraging fine-grained, token-level representations, they have been demonstrated to deliver strong…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Benjamin Clavié , Xianming Li , Antoine Chaffin , Omar Khattab , Tom Aarsen , Manuel Faysse , Jing Li

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

Intermediate task fine-tuning has been shown to culminate in large transfer gains across many NLP tasks. With an abundance of candidate datasets as well as pre-trained language models, it has become infeasible to run the cross-product of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Clifton Poth , Jonas Pfeiffer , Andreas Rücklé , Iryna Gurevych

Traditional Incremental Learning (IL) targets to handle sequential fully-supervised learning problems where novel classes emerge from time to time. However, due to inherent annotation uncertainty and ambiguity, collecting high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Rui Wang , Mingxuan Xia , Chang Yao , Lei Feng , Junbo Zhao , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

Code generation aims to automatically generate code snippets of specific programming language according to natural language descriptions. The continuous advancements in deep learning, particularly pre-trained models, have empowered the code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zezhou Yang , Sirong Chen , Cuiyun Gao , Zhenhao Li , Xing Hu , Kui Liu , Xin Xia

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has become a prominent method for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. While DPO has enabled significant progress in aligning English LLMs, multilingual preference alignment is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Wen Yang , Junhong Wu , Chen Wang , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

Text-motion retrieval aims to learn a semantically aligned latent space between natural language descriptions and 3D human motion skeleton sequences, enabling bidirectional search across the two modalities. Most existing methods use a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yao Zhang , Zhuchenyang Liu , Yanlan He , Thomas Ploetz , Yu Xiao

The advent of deep machine learning platforms such as Tensorflow and Pytorch, developed in expressive high-level languages such as Python, have allowed more expressive representations of deep neural network architectures. We argue that such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Craig Macdonald , Nicola Tonellotto

Algorithmic Recourse aims to provide actionable explanations, or recourse plans, to overturn potentially unfavourable decisions taken by automated machine learning models. In this paper, we propose an interaction paradigm based on a guided…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Seyedehdelaram Esfahani , Giovanni De Toni , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini , Katya Tentori , Massimo Zancanaro

This study addresses the challenge of improving dense retrieval performance for queries containing numerical conditions, such as ``companies with more than one billion dollars in R&D expenditure.'' Although recent research has shown that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haruki Fujimaki , Makoto P. Kato

Embedding models are pivotal in industrial information retrieval systems like search and advertising. However, existing pretrained models often exhibit fixed architectures and embedding dimensionalities, posing significant challenges when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yaoxiang Wang , Simiao Zuo , Qingguo Hu , Yucheng Ding , Yeyun Gong , Jian Jiao , Jinsong Su

Despite the recent advancement in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, most retrieval methodologies are often developed for factual retrieval, which assumes query and positive documents are semantically similar. In this paper, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Luo Ji , Feixiang Guo , Teng Chen , Qingqing Gu , Xiaoyu Wang , Ningyuan Xi , Yihong Wang , Peng Yu , Yue Zhao , Hongyang Lei , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Despite the extensive success of pretrained language models as encoders for building NLP systems, they haven't seen prominence as decoders for sequence generation tasks. We explore the question of whether these models can be adapted to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Nishant Subramani , Nivedita Suresh

As more and more search traffic comes from mobile phones, intelligent assistants, and smart-home devices, new challenges (e.g., limited presentation space) and opportunities come up in information retrieval. Previously, an effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Keping Bi , Qingyao Ai , W. Bruce Croft