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We study causal representation learning, the task of inferring latent causal variables and their causal relations from high-dimensional mixtures of the variables. Prior work relies on weak supervision, in the form of counterfactual pre- and…

We provide explicit, finite-sample guarantees for learning causal representations from data with a sublinear number of environments. Causal representation learning seeks to provide a rigourous foundation for the general representation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-30 Inbeom Lee , Tongtong Jin , Bryon Aragam

Causal representation learning aims to recover the latent causal variables and their causal relations, typically represented by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), from low-level observations such as image pixels. A prevailing line of research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ignavier Ng , Shaoan Xie , Xinshuai Dong , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

We establish conditions under which latent causal graphs are nonparametrically identifiable and can be reconstructed from unknown interventions in the latent space. Our primary focus is the identification of the latent structure in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-06 Yibo Jiang , Bryon Aragam

The task of inferring high-level causal variables from low-level observations, commonly referred to as causal representation learning, is fundamentally underconstrained. As such, recent works to address this problem focus on various…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Simon Bing , Urmi Ninad , Jonas Wahl , Jakob Runge

In many problems, the measured variables (e.g., image pixels) are just mathematical functions of the latent causal variables (e.g., the underlying concepts or objects). For the purpose of making predictions in changing environments or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Kun Zhang , Shaoan Xie , Ignavier Ng , Yujia Zheng

The ability to conduct interventions plays a pivotal role in learning causal relationships among variables, thus facilitating applications across diverse scientific disciplines such as genomics, economics, and machine learning. However, in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-04 Abhinav Kumar , Kirankumar Shiragur , Caroline Uhler

We consider the linear causal representation learning setting where we observe a linear mixing of $d$ unknown latent factors, which follow a linear structural causal model. Recent work has shown that it is possible to recover the latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tianyu Chen , Kevin Bello , Francesco Locatello , Bryon Aragam , Pradeep Ravikumar

This paper studies the causal representation learning problem when the latent causal variables are observed indirectly through an unknown linear transformation. The objectives are: (i) recovering the unknown linear transformation (up to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-02 Burak Varici , Emre Acarturk , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Abhishek Kumar , Ali Tajer

Recent work has shown promising results in causal discovery by leveraging interventional data with gradient-based methods, even when the intervened variables are unknown. However, previous work assumes that the correspondence between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Gonçalo R. A. Faria , André F. T. Martins , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

We study causal representation learning, the task of recovering high-level latent variables and their causal relationships in the form of a causal graph from low-level observed data (such as text and images), assuming access to observations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Jikai Jin , Vasilis Syrgkanis

Despite the multifaceted recent advances in interventional causal representation learning (CRL), they primarily focus on the stylized assumption of single-node interventions. This assumption is not valid in a wide range of applications, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Burak Varıcı , Emre Acartürk , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Ali Tajer

Causal representation learning aims to unveil latent high-level causal representations from observed low-level data. One of its primary tasks is to provide reliable assurance of identifying these latent causal models, known as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Dong Gong , Mingming Gong , Biwei Huang , Anton van den Hengel , Kun Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

This paper focuses on causal representation learning (CRL) under a general nonparametric latent causal model and a general transformation model that maps the latent data to the observational data. It establishes identifiability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Burak Varıcı , Emre Acartürk , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Ali Tajer

Causal representation learning aims at identifying high-level causal variables from perceptual data. Most methods assume that all latent causal variables are captured in the high-dimensional observations. We instead consider a partially…

We propose an approach to estimate the effect of multiple simultaneous interventions in the presence of hidden confounders. To overcome the problem of hidden confounding, we consider the setting where we have access to not only the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-17 Sorawit Saengkyongam , Ricardo Silva

We study causal discovery from observational data in linear Gaussian systems affected by \emph{mixed latent confounding}, where some unobserved factors act broadly across many variables while others influence only small subsets. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Amir Asiaee , Samhita Pal , James O'quinn , James P. Long

Causal disentanglement seeks a representation of data involving latent variables that relate to one another via a causal model. A representation is identifiable if both the latent model and the transformation from latent to observed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-13 Chandler Squires , Anna Seigal , Salil Bhate , Caroline Uhler

We introduce a framework for learning robust visual representations that generalize to new viewpoints, backgrounds, and scene contexts. Discriminative models often learn naturally occurring spurious correlations, which cause them to fail on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Chengzhi Mao , Augustine Cha , Amogh Gupta , Hao Wang , Junfeng Yang , Carl Vondrick

Causal representation learning seeks to extract high-level latent factors from low-level sensory data. Most existing methods rely on observational data and structural assumptions (e.g., conditional independence) to identify the latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-26 Kartik Ahuja , Divyat Mahajan , Yixin Wang , Yoshua Bengio
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