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The literature on text-to-image generation is plagued by issues of faithfully composing entities with relations. But there lacks a formal understanding of how entity-relation compositions can be effectively learned. Moreover, the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yingshan Chang , Yasi Zhang , Zhiyuan Fang , Yingnian Wu , Yonatan Bisk , Feng Gao

Unified multimodal generation architectures that jointly produce text and images have recently emerged as a promising direction for text-to-image (T2I) synthesis. However, many existing systems rely on explicit modality switching,…

Supervised and preference-based fine-tuning techniques have become popular for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user intent and correctness criteria. However, real-world training data often exhibits spurious correlations --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Julia Shuieh , Prasann Singhal , Apaar Shanker , John Heyer , George Pu , Samuel Denton

We present our work in progress exploring the possibilities of a shared embedding space between textual and visual modality. Leveraging the textual nature of object detection labels and the hypothetical expressiveness of extracted visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Dušan Variš , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Recently, diffusion models have been proven to perform remarkably well in text-to-image synthesis tasks in a number of studies, immediately presenting new study opportunities for image generation. Google's Imagen follows this research trend…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Ruijun Li , Weihua Li , Yi Yang , Hanyu Wei , Jianhua Jiang , Quan Bai

Text-to-Image (T2I) generation is enabling new applications that support creators, designers, and general end users of productivity software by generating illustrative content with high photorealism starting from a given descriptive text as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Ranjita Naik , Besmira Nushi

Spatial understanding is a fundamental aspect of computer vision and integral for human-level reasoning about images, making it an important component for grounded language understanding. While recent text-to-image synthesis (T2I) models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Tejas Gokhale , Hamid Palangi , Besmira Nushi , Vibhav Vineet , Eric Horvitz , Ece Kamar , Chitta Baral , Yezhou Yang

Recent works show that text-to-image generative models are surprisingly vulnerable to a variety of poisoning attacks. Empirical results find that these models can be corrupted by altering associations between individual text prompts and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Wenxin Ding , Cathy Y. Li , Shawn Shan , Ben Y. Zhao , Haitao Zheng

Despite progress in perceptual tasks such as image classification, computers still perform poorly on cognitive tasks such as image description and question answering. Cognition is core to tasks that involve not just recognizing, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-25 Ranjay Krishna , Yuke Zhu , Oliver Groth , Justin Johnson , Kenji Hata , Joshua Kravitz , Stephanie Chen , Yannis Kalantidis , Li-Jia Li , David A. Shamma , Michael S. Bernstein , Fei-Fei Li

Translating information between text and image is a fundamental problem in artificial intelligence that connects natural language processing and computer vision. In the past few years, performance in image caption generation has seen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Hao Dong , Jingqing Zhang , Douglas McIlwraith , Yike Guo

Unsupervised visual object tracking is a challenging task that requires following arbitrary targets in videos without training on ground-truth annotations. Despite considerable progress, existing state-of-the-art unsupervised trackers often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhengbo Zhang , Zhigang Tu , Junsong Yuan , De Wen Soh , Bo Du

Capturing semantic relations between sentences, such as entailment, is a long-standing challenge for computational semantics. Logic-based models analyse entailment in terms of possible worlds (interpretations, or situations) where a premise…

Standard practice in pretraining multimodal models, such as vision-language models, is to rely on pairs of aligned inputs from both modalities, for example, aligned image-text pairs. However, such pairs can be difficult to obtain in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Elad Segal , Ben Bogin , Jonathan Berant

As text-to-image systems continue to grow in popularity with the general public, questions have arisen about bias and diversity in the generated images. Here, we investigate properties of images generated in response to prompts which are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Kathleen C. Fraser , Svetlana Kiritchenko , Isar Nejadgholi

Human pose analysis is presently dominated by deep convolutional networks trained with extensive manual annotations of joint locations and beyond. To avoid the need for expensive labeling, we exploit spatiotemporal relations in training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Ömer Sümer , Tobias Dencker , Björn Ommer

Recent advancements in Text-to-Image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated impressive success in generating high-quality images with zero-shot generalization capabilities. Yet, current models struggle to closely adhere to prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Hyun Kang , Dohae Lee , Myungjin Shin , In-Kwon Lee

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have transformed visual content creation, producing highly realistic images from natural language prompts. However, concerns persist around their potential to replicate and magnify existing societal biases. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Sedat Porikli , Vedat Porikli

We study a systematic bias in modern image generation models: the mention order of entities in text spuriously determines spatial layout and entity--role binding. We term this phenomenon Order-to-Space Bias (OTS) and show that it arises in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yongkang Zhang , Zonglin Zhao , Yuechen Zhang , Fei Ding , Pei Li , Wenxuan Wang

The default paradigm of post-training text-to-image generators includes post-hoc selection of generated images, and subsequent training with one reward model to align the generator to the reward, typically user preference. This discards…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Nicolas Dufour , Lucas Degeorge , Arijit Ghosh , Vicky Kalogeiton , David Picard

Text-to-image models, such as Stable Diffusion (SD), undergo iterative updates to improve image quality and address concerns such as safety. Improvements in image quality are straightforward to assess. However, how model updates resolve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yixin Wu , Yun Shen , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang