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Visual perspective-taking (VPT), the ability to understand the viewpoint of another person, enables individuals to anticipate the actions of other people. For instance, a driver can avoid accidents by assessing what pedestrians see. Humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Gracjan Góral , Alicja Ziarko , Michal Nauman , Maciej Wołczyk

The large adoption of the self-attention (i.e. transformer model) and BERT-like training principles has recently resulted in a number of high performing models on a large panoply of vision-and-language problems (such as Visual Question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Corentin Kervadec , Grigory Antipov , Moez Baccouche , Christian Wolf

Visual reasoning refers to the task of solving questions about visual information. Current visual reasoning methods typically employ pre-trained vision-language model (VLM) strategies or deep neural network approaches. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chao Wang , Chunbai Zhang , Yongxiao Tian , Yang Zhou , Yan Peng

Advances in vision language models (VLMs) have enabled the simulation of general human behavior through their reasoning and problem solving capabilities. However, prior research has not investigated such simulation capabilities in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Rosiana Natalie , Wenqian Xu , Ruei-Che Chang , Rada Mihalcea , Anhong Guo

Visual inputs are often assumed to improve language understanding in multimodal models. We examine this assumption by asking whether vision-language models (VLMs) can distinguish useful visual evidence from incidental image context in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yifan Jiang , Ruoxi Ning , Sheng Yao , Freda Shi

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Prompt learning is an effective method to customize Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for various downstream tasks, involving tuning very few parameters of input prompt tokens. Recently, prompt pretraining in large-scale dataset (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Zhenyuan Chen , Lingfeng Yang , Shuo Chen , Zhaowei Chen , Jiajun Liang , Xiang Li

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance by effectively integrating visual and textual information to solve complex tasks. However, it is not clear how these models reason over the visual and textual data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Moin Aminnaseri , Estevam Hruschka

Vision-language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general-purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, lacking some basic visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Vered Shwartz , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Leonid Sigal

Natural language inference (NLI) is among the most challenging tasks in natural language understanding. Recent work on unsupervised pretraining that leverages unsupervised signals such as language-model and sentence prediction objectives…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Tianda Li , Xiaodan Zhu , Quan Liu , Qian Chen , Zhigang Chen , Si Wei

Despite the impressive performance of vision-language models (VLMs) on downstream tasks, their ability to understand and reason about causal relationships in visual inputs remains unclear. Robust causal reasoning is fundamental to solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhaotian Weng , Haoxuan Li , Xin Eric Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Jieyu Zhao

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) consists of two sub-tasks: intent detection (ID) and slot filling (SF). Given its broad range of real-world applications, enhancing SLU for practical deployment is increasingly critical. Profile-based SLU…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Di Wu , Liting Jiang , Ruiyu Fang , Bianjing , Hongyan Xie , Haoxiang Su , Hao Huang , Zhongjiang He , Shuangyong Song , Xuelong Li

Spatial relations are a basic part of human cognition. However, they are expressed in natural language in a variety of ways, and previous work has suggested that current vision-and-language models (VLMs) struggle to capture relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Fangyu Liu , Guy Emerson , Nigel Collier

Answering complex visual questions like `Which red furniture can be used for sitting?' requires multi-step reasoning, including object recognition, attribute filtering, and relational understanding. Recent work improves interpretability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yu Cheng , Arushi Goel , Hakan Bilen

Many vision-language models (VLMs) that prove very effective at a range of multimodal task, build on CLIP-based vision encoders, which are known to have various limitations. We investigate the hypothesis that the strong language backbone in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sho Takishita , Jay Gala , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Kentaro Inui , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Our aim is to learn to solve long-horizon decision-making problems in complex robotics domains given low-level skills and a handful of short-horizon demonstrations containing sequences of images. To this end, we focus on learning abstract…

Training object detection models usually requires instance-level annotations, such as the positions and labels of all objects present in each image. Such supervision is unfortunately not always available and, more often, only image-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Martijn Oldenhof , Adam Arany , Yves Moreau , Edward De Brouwer

Conditional inference on joint textual and visual clues is a multi-modal reasoning task that textual clues provide prior permutation or external knowledge, which are complementary with visual content and pivotal to deducing the correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yunxin Li , Baotian Hu , Xinyu Chen , Yuxin Ding , Lin Ma , Min Zhang

The visual commonsense reasoning (VCR) task is to choose an answer and provide a justifying rationale based on the given image and textural question. Representative works first recognize objects in images and then associate them with key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jian Zhu , Hanli Wang , Miaojing Shi

We investigate the knowledge of object affordances in pre-trained language models (LMs) and pre-trained Vision-Language models (VLMs). A growing body of literature shows that PTLMs fail inconsistently and non-intuitively, demonstrating a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sayantan Adak , Daivik Agrawal , Animesh Mukherjee , Somak Aditya