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Recent advances in deep learning have led to a surge of open-source models across diverse domains. While model merging offers a promising way to combine their strengths, existing approaches often suffer from parameter conflicts that degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yunfei Liang

Deep model fusion/merging is an emerging technique that merges the parameters or predictions of multiple deep learning models into a single one. It combines the abilities of different models to make up for the biases and errors of a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Weishi Li , Yong Peng , Miao Zhang , Liang Ding , Han Hu , Li Shen

With the rapid growth of deep learning, there is an increasing availability of open-source models for various tasks. However, single fine-tuned models often fall short of meeting the diverse needs of users. Model merging has thus emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shenghe Zheng , Hongzhi Wang

Fine-tuning pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) for specialized tasks incurs substantial computational and data costs. While model merging offers a training-free solution to integrate multiple task-specific models, existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Qianli Ma , Dongrui Liu , Qian Chen , Linfeng Zhang , Jing Shao

Model merging, which combines multiple domain-specialized experts into a single model, offers a practical path to endow Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with broad capabilities without the cost of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dengming Zhang , Xiaowen Ma , Zhenliang Ni , Zhenkai Wu , Han Shu , Xin Jiang , Xinghao Chen

Machine unlearning aims to selectively remove specific knowledge from a trained model. Existing approaches, such as Task Arithmetic, fine-tune the model on the forget set to create a task vector (i.e., a direction in weight space) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Hyo Seo Kim , Dongyoon Han , Junsuk Choe

Model merging dramatically reduces storage and computational resources by combining multiple expert models into a single multi-task model. Although recent model merging methods have shown promising results, they struggle to maintain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zijing Wang , Xingle Xu , Yongkang Liu , Yiqun Zhang , Peiqin Lin , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Hinrich Schütze

Model merging aims to combine multiple task-specific expert models into a single model while preserving generalization across diverse tasks. However, interference among experts, especially when they are trained on different objectives,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Bo Xu , Haotian Wu , Hehai Lin , Weiquan Huang , Beier Zhu , Yao Shu , Chengwei Qin

Model merging is a flexible and computationally tractable approach to merge single-task checkpoints into a multi-task model. Prior work has solely focused on constrained multi-task settings where there is a one-to-one mapping between a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Juan Garcia Giraldo , Nikolaos Dimitriadis , Ke Wang , Pascal Frossard

Combining multiple machine learning models has long been a technique for enhancing performance, particularly in distributed settings. Traditional approaches, such as model ensembles, work well, but are expensive in terms of memory and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Albert Manuel Orozco Camacho , Stefan Horoi , Guy Wolf , Eugene Belilovsky

Training large neural networks and merging task-specific models both exploit low-rank structure and require parameter importance estimation, yet these challenges have been pursued in isolation. Current workflows compute curvature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alireza Moayedikia , Alicia Troncoso

Model merging has emerged as an efficient and flexible paradigm for multi-task learning, with numerous methods being proposed in recent years. However, these state-of-the-art techniques are typically evaluated on benchmark suites that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kotaro Yoshida , Yuji Naraki , Takafumi Horie , Ryotaro Shimizu , Hiroki Naganuma

As an effective approach to equip models with multi-task capabilities without additional training, model merging has garnered significant attention. However, existing methods face challenges of redundant parameter conflicts and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Biqing Qi , Fangyuan Li , Zhen Wang , Junqi Gao , Dong Li , Peng Ye , Bowen Zhou

Model merging integrates the weights of multiple task-specific models into a single multi-task model. Despite recent interest in the problem, a significant performance gap between the combined and single-task models remains. In this paper,…

Model merging, which combines multiple models into a single model, has gained popularity in recent years. By efficiently integrating the capabilities of various models, this significantly reduces the parameter count and memory usage.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Weiyu Chen , James Kwok

Deep model training on extensive datasets is increasingly becoming cost-prohibitive, prompting the widespread adoption of deep model fusion techniques to leverage knowledge from pre-existing models. From simple weight averaging to more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Anke Tang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Shuai Xie , Han Hu , Lefei Zhang , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Model merging enables powerful capabilities in neural networks without requiring additional training. In this paper, we introduce a novel perspective on model merging by leveraging the fundamental mechanisms of neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Haiquan Qiu , You Wu , Dong Li , Jianmin Guo , Quanming Yao

Modern deep learning usually treats models as separate artifacts: trained independently, specialized for particular purposes, and replaced when improved versions appear. This thesis studies model merging as an alternative paradigm:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Donato Crisostomi

Diffusion models are trained by learning a sequence of models that reverse each step of noise corruption. Typically, the model parameters are fully shared across multiple timesteps to enhance training efficiency. However, since the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Qianli Ma , Xuefei Ning , Dongrui Liu , Li Niu , Linfeng Zhang

Model merging has emerged as an efficient method to combine multiple single-task fine-tuned models. The merged model can enjoy multi-task capabilities without expensive training. While promising, merging into a single model often suffers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Akash Dhasade , Divyansh Jhunjhunwala , Milos Vujasinovic , Gauri Joshi , Anne-Marie Kermarrec