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We show that deep neural networks trained across diverse tasks exhibit remarkably similar low-dimensional parametric subspaces. We provide the first large-scale empirical evidence that demonstrates that neural networks systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Prakhar Kaushik , Shravan Chaudhari , Ankit Vaidya , Rama Chellappa , Alan Yuille

Deep learning has been widely applied and brought breakthroughs in speech recognition, computer vision, and many other domains. The involved deep neural network architectures and computational issues have been well studied in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Ding-Xuan Zhou

We explore convergence of deep neural networks with the popular ReLU activation function, as the depth of the networks tends to infinity. To this end, we introduce the notion of activation domains and activation matrices of a ReLU network.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Yuesheng Xu , Haizhang Zhang

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but its models often suffer from instability and vulnerability: small changes to the input may drastically affect predictions, while optimization can be hindered by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Blaise Delattre

Deep neural networks can suffer from the exploding and vanishing activation problem, in which the networks fail to train properly because the neural signals either amplify or attenuate across the layers and become saturated. While other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Hao-Yuan Chang , Kang L. Wang

We study the approximation properties of neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) in the space of continuous functions. Since a neural ODE requires input and output dimensions to be the same, while input and output dimensions of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Arturo De Marinis , Davide Murari , Elena Celledoni , Nicola Guglielmi , Brynjulf Owren , Francesco Tudisco

Lipschitz Bound Estimation is an effective method of regularizing deep neural networks to make them robust against adversarial attacks. This is useful in a variety of applications ranging from reinforcement learning to autonomous systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Sarosij Bose

Generative neural networks have been empirically found very promising in providing effective structural priors for compressed sensing, since they can be trained to span low-dimensional data manifolds in high-dimensional signal spaces.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Constantinos Daskalakis , Dhruv Rohatgi , Manolis Zampetakis

Relying on the premise that the performance of a binary neural network can be largely restored with eliminated quantization error between full-precision weight vectors and their corresponding binary vectors, existing works of network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Yuzhang Shang , Dan Xu , Bin Duan , Ziliang Zong , Liqiang Nie , Yan Yan

Single hidden layer feedforward neural networks can represent multivariate functions that are sums of ridge functions. These ridge functions are defined via an activation function and customizable weights. The paper deals with best…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Steffen Goebbels

This paper proposes a sensitivity analysis framework based on set valued mapping for deep neural networks (DNN) to understand and compute how the solutions (model weights) of DNN respond to perturbations in the training data. As a DNN may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xin Wang , Feilong Wang , Xuegang Ban

Lipschitz-constrained neural networks have many applications in machine learning. Since designing and training expressive Lipschitz-constrained networks is very challenging, there is a need for improved methods and a better theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Sebastian Neumayer , Alexis Goujon , Pakshal Bohra , Michael Unser

Deriving sharp and computable upper bounds of the Lipschitz constant of deep neural networks is crucial to formally guarantee the robustness of neural-network based models. We analyse three existing upper bounds written for the $l^2$ norm.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Moreno Pintore , Bruno Després

1-Lipschitz neural networks are fundamental for generative modelling, inverse problems, and robust classifiers. In this paper, we focus on 1-Lipschitz residual networks (ResNets) based on explicit Euler steps of negative gradient flows and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Davide Murari , Takashi Furuya , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

The universal approximation property uniformly with respect to weakly compact families of measures is established for several classes of neural networks. To that end, we prove that these neural networks are dense in Orlicz spaces, thereby…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-13 Mihriban Ceylan , David J. Prömel

Empirical studies have widely demonstrated that neural networks are highly sensitive to small, adversarial perturbations of the input. The worst-case robustness against these so-called adversarial examples can be quantified by the Lipschitz…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-03 Paul Geuchen , Dominik Stöger , Thomas Telaar , Felix Voigtlaender

Research in computational deep learning has directed considerable efforts towards hardware-oriented optimisations for deep neural networks, via the simplification of the activation functions, or the quantization of both activations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Gian Paolo Leonardi , Matteo Spallanzani

In this work we study input gradient regularization of deep neural networks, and demonstrate that such regularization leads to generalization proofs and improved adversarial robustness. The proof of generalization does not overcome the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Chris Finlay , Jeff Calder , Bilal Abbasi , Adam Oberman

This paper introduces a new parameterization of deep neural networks (both fully-connected and convolutional) with guaranteed $\ell^2$ Lipschitz bounds, i.e. limited sensitivity to input perturbations. The Lipschitz guarantees are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Ruigang Wang , Ian R. Manchester

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved breakthrough performances in a wide range of applications including image classification, semantic segmentation, and object detection. Previous research on characterizing the generalization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-04 Shan Lin , Jingwei Zhang