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Recently, the fast development of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has significantly advanced NLP tasks by enhancing the capabilities of conversational models. However, the application of LLMs in the recommendation domain has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Junling Liu , Chao Liu , Peilin Zhou , Qichen Ye , Dading Chong , Kang Zhou , Yueqi Xie , Yuwei Cao , Shoujin Wang , Chenyu You , Philip S. Yu

Recent years pretrained language models (PLMs) hit a success on several downstream tasks, showing their power on modeling language. To better understand and leverage what PLMs have learned, several techniques have emerged to explore…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Qian Liu , Dejian Yang , Jiahui Zhang , Jiaqi Guo , Bin Zhou , Jian-Guang Lou

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have proven to be effective for document re-ranking task. However, they lack the ability to fully interpret the semantics of biomedical and health-care queries and often rely on simplistic patterns for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Deepak Gupta , Dina Demner-Fushman

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziqian Zhang , Xingjian Hu , Yue Huang , Kai Zhang , Ruoxi Chen , Yixin Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kaidi Xu , Xiangliang Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been changing the paradigm of Recommender Systems (RS). However, when items in the recommendation scenarios contain rich textual information, such as product descriptions in online…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Zhi Zheng , Wenshuo Chao , Zhaopeng Qiu , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong

Search engines are nowadays one of the most important entry points for Internet users and a central tool to solve most of their information needs. Still, there exist a substantial amount of users' searches which obtain unsatisfactory…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2009-11-23 Daniel Gayo-Avello , David J. Brenes

A recent Large language model (LLM)-based recommendation model, called RecRanker, has demonstrated a superior performance in the top-k recommendation task compared to other models. In particular, RecRanker samples users via clustering,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zeyuan Meng , Zixuan Yi , Iadh Ounis

Relevance labels, which indicate whether a search result is valuable to a searcher, are key to evaluating and optimising search systems. The best way to capture the true preferences of users is to ask them for their careful feedback on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Paul Thomas , Seth Spielman , Nick Craswell , Bhaskar Mitra

Evaluation is fundamental in optimizing search experiences and supporting diverse user intents in Information Retrieval (IR). Traditional search evaluation methods primarily rely on relevance labels, which assess how well retrieved…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Mouly Dewan , Jiqun Liu , Aditya Gautam , Chirag Shah

Existing large language models (LLMs) driven search agents typically rely on prompt engineering to decouple the user queries into search plans, limiting their effectiveness in complex scenarios requiring reasoning. Furthermore, they suffer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jinzheng Li , Sibo Ju , Yanzhou Su , Hongguang Li , Yiqing Shen

Search-based test generators are effective at producing unit tests with high coverage. However, such automatically generated tests have no meaningful test and variable names, making them hard to understand and interpret by developers. On…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matteo Biagiola , Gianluca Ghislotti , Paolo Tonella

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages? The popular way of evaluating for multilingual performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ashim Gupta , Maitrey Mehta , Zhichao Xu , Vivek Srikumar

Language is essentially a complex, intricate system of human expressions governed by grammatical rules. It poses a significant challenge to develop capable AI algorithms for comprehending and grasping a language. As a major approach,…

Large language models (LLMs) are essential tools that users employ across various scenarios, so evaluating their performance and guiding users in selecting the suitable service is important. Although many benchmarks exist, they mainly focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jiayin Wang , Fengran Mo , Weizhi Ma , Peijie Sun , Min Zhang , Jian-Yun Nie

Rankings derived from pairwise comparisons are central to many economic and computational systems. In the context of large language models (LLMs), rankings are typically constructed from human preference data and presented as leaderboards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Angel Rodrigo Avelar Menendez , Yufeng Liu , Xiaowu Dai

Relevance evaluation plays a crucial role in personalized search systems to ensure that search results align with a user's queries and intent. While human annotation is the traditional method for relevance evaluation, its high cost and long…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Han Wang , Alex Whitworth , Pak Ming Cheung , Zhenjie Zhang , Krishna Kamath

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as sources of information, yet their reliability depends on the ability to search the web, select relevant evidence, and synthesize complete answers. While recent benchmarks evaluate…

Quantitative information plays a crucial role in understanding and interpreting the content of documents. Many user queries contain quantities and cannot be resolved without understanding their semantics, e.g., ``car that costs less than…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Satya Almasian , Milena Bruseva , Michael Gertz

In web search and recommendation systems, user clicks are widely used to train ranking models. However, click data is heavily biased, i.e., users tend to click higher-ranked items (position bias), choose only what was shown to them…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Haoming Gong , Qingyao Ai , Zhihao Tao , Yongfeng Zhang

Sponsored search in e-commerce poses several unique and complex challenges. These challenges stem from factors such as the asymmetric language structure between search queries and product names, the inherent ambiguity in user search intent,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Zhaodong Wang , Weizhi Du , Md Omar Faruk Rokon , Pooshpendu Adhikary , Yanbing Xue , Jiaxuan Xu , Jianghong Zhou , Kuang-chih Lee , Musen Wen