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The perception that the convergence of biological engineering and artificial intelligence (AI) could enable increased biorisk has recently drawn attention to the governance of biotechnology and artificial intelligence. The 2023 Executive…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Matthew E. Walsh

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing in healthcare, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of services across various specialties, including cardiology, ophthalmology, dermatology, emergency medicine, etc. AI applications…

This paper critically evaluates the European Commission's proposed AI Act's approach to risk management and risk acceptability for high-risk AI systems that pose risks to fundamental rights and safety. The Act aims to promote "trustworthy"…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Henry Fraser , Jose-Miguel Bello y Villarino

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized decision-making processes and systems throughout society and, in particular, has emerged as a significant technology in high-impact scenarios of national interest. Yet, despite AI's impressive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-05 Gregory Canal , Vladimir Leung , Philip Sage , Eric Heim , I-Jeng Wang

No one doubts the utility of insurance for its ability to spread risk or streamline claims management; much debated is when and how insurance uptake can improve welfare by reducing harm, despite moral hazard. Proponents and dissenters of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Cristian Trout

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used to augment and automate cyber operations, altering the scale, speed, and accessibility of malicious activity. These shifts raise urgent questions about when AI systems introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Krystal Jackson , Deepika Raman , Jessica Newman , Nada Madkour , Charlotte Yuan , Evan R. Murphy

The EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act directs businesses to assess their AI systems to ensure they are developed in a way that is human-centered and trustworthy. The rapid adoption of AI in the industry has outpaced ethical evaluation…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Louise McCormack , Diletta Huyskes , Dave Lewis , Malika Bendechache

Screening patients for clinical trial eligibility remains a manual, time-consuming, and resource-intensive process. We present a secure, scalable proof-of-concept system for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-augmented patient-trial matching that…

The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has underscored the urgent need for responsible AI practices. Despite increasing interest, a comprehensive AI risk assessment toolkit remains lacking. This study introduces our Responsible AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Sung Une Lee , Harsha Perera , Yue Liu , Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Olivier Salvado , Jon Whittle

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems accelerate medical workflows and improve diagnostic accuracy in healthcare, serving as second-opinion systems. However, the unpredictability of AI errors poses a significant challenge, particularly in…

The United States Department of Defense (DOD) looks to accelerate the development and deployment of AI capabilities across a wide spectrum of defense applications to maintain strategic advantages. However, many common features of AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Ariel S. Kapusta , David Jin , Peter M. Teague , Robert A. Houston , Jonathan B. Elliott , Grace Y. Park , Shelby S. Holdren

The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) applications has accelerated rapidly. AI enabled technologies are facing the public in many ways including infrastructure, consumer products and home applications. Because many of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Joanna F. DeFranco , Luke Biersmith

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are now an integral part of multiple industries. In clinical research, AI supports automated adverse event detection in clinical trials, patient eligibility screening for protocol enrollment, and data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Laxmiraju Kandikatla , Branislav Radeljic

Algorithms are becoming more widely used in business, and businesses are becoming increasingly concerned that their algorithms will cause significant reputational or financial damage. We should emphasize that any of these damages stem from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Ramya Akula , Ivan Garibay

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly integrated into healthcare and pharmacy workflows, supporting tasks such as medication recommendations, dosage determination, and drug interaction detection. While these systems often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Khalid Adnan Alsayed

Organizations investing in artificial intelligence face a fundamental challenge: traditional return on investment calculations fail to capture the dual nature of AI implementations, which simultaneously reduce certain operational risks…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Hernan Huwyler

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods have been proposed for the prediction of social behaviors which could be reasonably understood from patient-reported information. This raises novel ethical concerns about respect, privacy, and control…

Ensuring responsible use of artificial intelligence (AI) has become imperative as autonomous systems increasingly influence critical societal domains. However, the concept of trustworthy AI remains broad and multi-faceted. This thesis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Filip Cano

Recent works have recognized the need for human-centered perspectives when designing and evaluating human-AI interactions and explainable AI methods. Yet, current approaches fall short at intercepting and managing unexpected user behavior…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Michaela Benk , Raphael Weibel , Andrea Ferrario

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into mobile and wearables offers numerous benefits at individual, societal, and environmental levels. Yet, it also spotlights concerns over emerging risks. Traditional assessments of risks and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Marios Constantinides , Edyta Bogucka , Sanja Scepanovic , Daniele Quercia