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This paper looks at semi-supervised learning (SSL) for image-based text recognition. One of the most popular SSL approaches is pseudo-labeling (PL). PL approaches assign labels to unlabeled data before re-training the model with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Gaurav Patel , Jan Allebach , Qiang Qiu

Recent semi-supervised learning methods have shown to achieve comparable results to their supervised counterparts while using only a small portion of labels in image classification tasks thanks to their regularization strategies. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Wei-Hong Li , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Hakan Bilen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art results for semi-supervised node classification on graphs. Nevertheless, the challenge of how to effectively learn GNNs with very few labels is still under-explored. As one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Yayong Li , Jie Yin , Ling Chen

Semantic segmentation is a fundamental task in medical image analysis and autonomous driving and has a problem with the high cost of annotating the labels required in training. To address this problem, semantic segmentation methods based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Nagito Saito , Shintaro Ito , Koichi Ito , Takafumi Aoki

Semi-supervised 3D object detection is a common strategy employed to circumvent the challenge of manually labeling large-scale autonomous driving perception datasets. Pseudo-labeling approaches to semi-supervised learning adopt a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Philip Jacobson , Yichen Xie , Mingyu Ding , Chenfeng Xu , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan , Ming C. Wu

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance across various tasks when supplied with large-scale labeled data. However, the collection of labeled data can be time-consuming and labor-intensive. Semi-supervised learning (SSL),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Chaoqi Liang , Guanglei Yang , Lifeng Qiao , Zitong Huang , Hongliang Yan , Yunchao Wei , Wangmeng Zuo

Image recognition techniques heavily rely on abundant labeled data, particularly in medical contexts. Addressing the challenges associated with obtaining labeled data has led to the prominence of self-supervised learning and semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Hao Feng , Yuanzhe Jia , Ruijia Xu , Mukesh Prasad , Ali Anaissi , Ali Braytee

Computer-aided diagnosis systems must make critical decisions from medical images that are often noisy, ambiguous, or conflicting, yet today's models are trained on overly simplistic labels that ignore diagnostic uncertainty. One-hot labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ang Nan Gu , Michael Tsang , Hooman Vaseli , Purang Abolmaesumi , Teresa Tsang

Dataset pruning reduces the storage and training costs of deep learning by selecting an informative subset from a large dataset. However, most existing pruning methods require fully labeled data, which limits their applicability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yeseul Cho , Baekrok Shin , Changmin Kang , Chulhee Yun

Training NLP systems typically assumes access to annotated data that has a single human label per example. Given imperfect labeling from annotators and inherent ambiguity of language, we hypothesize that single label is not sufficient to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Shujian Zhang , Chengyue Gong , Eunsol Choi

In semantic segmentation, the creation of pixel-level labels for training data incurs significant costs. To address this problem, semi-supervised learning, which utilizes a small number of labeled images alongside unlabeled images to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Takahiro Mano , Reiji Saito , Kazuhiro Hotta

Semi-supervised learning is attracting blooming attention, due to its success in combining unlabeled data. However, pseudo-labeling-based semi-supervised approaches suffer from two problems in image classification: (1) Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xuerong Zhang , Li Huang , Jing Lv , Ming Yang

Positive-unlabeled learning refers to the process of training a binary classifier using only positive and unlabeled data. Although unlabeled data can contain positive data, all unlabeled data are regarded as negative data in existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Daiki Tanaka , Daiki Ikami , Kiyoharu Aizawa

This paper proposes a novel framework for multi-label image recognition without any training data, called data-free framework, which uses knowledge of pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) to learn prompts to adapt pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shuo Yang , Zirui Shang , Yongqi Wang , Derong Deng , Hongwei Chen , Qiyuan Cheng , Xinxiao Wu

Self-training provides an effective means of using an extremely small amount of labeled data to create pseudo-labels for unlabeled data. Many state-of-the-art self-training approaches hinge on different regularization methods to prevent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Hazel Kim , Jaeman Son , Yo-Sub Han

Language model pre-training has proven to be useful in many language understanding tasks. In this paper, we investigate whether it is still helpful to add the self-training method in the pre-training step and the fine-tuning step. Towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Tong Guo

A common classification task situation is where one has a large amount of data available for training, but only a small portion is annotated with class labels. The goal of semi-supervised training, in this context, is to improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Zijian Hu , Zhengyu Yang , Xuefeng Hu , Ram Nevatia

Using deep learning, we now have the ability to create exceptionally good semantic segmentation systems; however, collecting the prerequisite pixel-wise annotations for training images remains expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Aneesh Rangnekar , Christopher Kanan , Matthew Hoffman

Deep learning methodologies have been employed in several different fields, with an outstanding success in image recognition applications, such as material quality control, medical imaging, autonomous driving, etc. Deep learning models rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Saul Calderon-Ramirez , Shengxiang Yang , David Elizondo

To better tackle the named entity recognition (NER) problem on languages with little/no labeled data, cross-lingual NER must effectively leverage knowledge learned from source languages with rich labeled data. Previous works on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Qianhui Wu , Zijia Lin , Börje F. Karlsson , Jian-Guang Lou , Biqing Huang