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Incorporating causal knowledge and mechanisms is essential for refining causal models and improving downstream tasks such as designing new treatments. In this paper, we introduce a novel concept in causal discovery, termed interventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zhigao Guo , Feng Dong

Learning meaningful causal representations from observations has emerged as a crucial task for facilitating machine learning applications and driving scientific discoveries in fields such as climate science, biology, and physics. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiaxu Ren , Yixin Wang , Biwei Huang

To draw scientifically meaningful conclusions and build reliable models of quantitative phenomena, cause and effect must be taken into consideration (either implicitly or explicitly). This is particularly challenging when the measurements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Max A. Little , Reham Badawy

Learning causal representations from observational and interventional data in the absence of known ground-truth graph structures necessitates implicit latent causal representation learning. Implicit learning of causal mechanisms typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Shayan Shirahmad Gale Bagi , Zahra Gharaee , Oliver Schulte , Mark Crowley

Identifying the underlying time-delayed latent causal processes in sequential data is vital for grasping temporal dynamics and making downstream reasoning. While some recent methods can robustly identify these latent causal variables, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Guangyi Chen , Yifan Shen , Zhenhao Chen , Xiangchen Song , Yuewen Sun , Weiran Yao , Xiao Liu , Kun Zhang

We propose a novel approach for learning causal response representations. Our method aims to extract directions in which a multidimensional outcome is most directly caused by a treatment variable. By bridging conditional independence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-07 Homer Durand , Gherardo Varando , Gustau Camps-Valls

Inferring causal effects of a treatment, intervention or policy from observational data is central to many applications. However, state-of-the-art methods for causal inference seldom consider the possibility that covariates have missing…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-26 Imke Mayer , Julie Josse , Félix Raimundo , Jean-Philippe Vert

The principal stratification has become a popular tool to address a broad class of causal inference questions, particularly in dealing with non-compliance and truncation-by-death problems. The causal effects within principal strata which…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-20 Shanshan Luo , Wei Li , Wang Miao , Yangbo He

In causal estimation problems, the parameter of interest is often only partially identified, implying that the parameter cannot be recovered exactly, even with infinite data. Here, we study Bayesian inference for partially identified…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-26 Jiajing Zheng , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

An important problem in many domains is to predict how a system will respond to interventions. This task is inherently linked to estimating the system's underlying causal structure. To this end, Invariant Causal Prediction (ICP) (Peters et…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-21 Christina Heinze-Deml , Jonas Peters , Nicolai Meinshausen

Uncovering the underlying causal mechanisms of complex real-world systems remains a significant challenge, as these systems often entail high data collection costs and involve unknown interventions. We introduce MetaCaDI, the first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Hans Jarett Ong , Yoichi Chikahara , Tomoharu Iwata

We study the problem of learning robust discriminative representations of causally related latent variables given the underlying causal graph and a training set comprising passively collected observational data and interventional data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Gautam Sreekumar , Vishnu Naresh Boddeti

We develop a data-driven information-theoretic framework for sharp partial identification of causal effects under unmeasured confounding. Existing approaches often rely on restrictive assumptions, such as bounded or discrete outcomes;…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Yonghan Jung , Bogyeong Kang

Causality lays the foundation for the trajectory of our world. Causal inference (CI), which aims to infer intrinsic causal relations among variables of interest, has emerged as a crucial research topic. Nevertheless, the lack of observation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yaochen Zhu , Yinhan He , Jing Ma , Mengxuan Hu , Sheng Li , Jundong Li

The process of generating data such as images is controlled by independent and unknown factors of variation. The retrieval of these variables has been studied extensively in the disentanglement, causal representation learning, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Gaël Gendron , Michael Witbrock , Gillian Dobbie

We study the problem of learning the causal relationships between a set of observed variables in the presence of latents, while minimizing the cost of interventions on the observed variables. We assume access to an undirected graph $G$ on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Raghavendra Addanki , Andrew McGregor , Cameron Musco

Many natural phenomena are intrinsically causal. The discovery of the cause-effect relationships implicit in these processes can help us to understand and describe them more effectively, which boils down to causal discovery about the data…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-09 Jean Pierre Gomez

Graph-based causal discovery methods aim to capture conditional independencies consistent with the observed data and differentiate causal relationships from indirect or induced ones. Successful construction of graphical models of data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-08 Boris Hayete , Fred Gruber , Anna Decker , Raymond Yan

Causal inference from observational data plays critical role in many applications in trustworthy machine learning. While sound and complete algorithms exist to compute causal effects, many of them assume access to conditional likelihoods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Md Musfiqur Rahman , Matt Jordan , Murat Kocaoglu

The ability to learn disentangled representations that split underlying sources of variation in high dimensional, unstructured data is important for data efficient and robust use of neural networks. While various approaches aiming towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-15 Raphael Suter , Đorđe Miladinović , Bernhard Schölkopf , Stefan Bauer