Related papers: Automated theorem proving in first-order logic mod…

This paper studies Linear Temporal Logic over Finite Traces (LTLf) where proposition letters are replaced with first-order formulas interpreted over arbitrary theories, in the spirit of Satisfiability Modulo Theories. The resulting logic,…

First-order logic has been established as an important tool for modeling and verifying intricate systems such as distributed protocols and concurrent systems. These systems are parametric in the number of nodes in the network or the number…

Nominal Logic is a version of first-order logic with equality, name-binding, renaming via name-swapping and freshness of names. Contrarily to higher-order logic, bindable names, called atoms, and instantiable variables are considered as…

Logical reasoning about program data often requires dealing with heap structures as well as scalar data types. Recent advances in Satisfiability Modular Theory (SMT) already offer efficient procedures for dealing with scalars, yet they lack…

First order formulas in a relational signature can be considered as operations on the relations of an underlying set, giving rise to multisorted algebras we call first order algebras. We present universal axioms so that an algebra satisfies…

Algebraic logic studies algebraic theories related to proposition and first-order logic. A new algebraic approach to first-order logic is sketched in this paper. We introduce the notion of a quantifier theory, which is a functor from the…

A classical question of propositional logic is one of the shortest proof of a tautology. A related fundamental problem is to determine the relative efficiency of standard proof systems, where the relative complexity is measured using the…

Certain constructs allowed in Mizar articles cannot be represented in first-order logic but can be represented in higher-order logic. We describe a way to obtain higher-order theorem proving problems from Mizar articles that make use of…

The reflection principle is the statement that if a sentence is provable then it is true. Reflection principles have been studied for first-order theories, but they also play an important role in propositional proof complexity. In this…

Let T be an SMT solver with no theory solvers except for Quantifier Instantiation. Given a set of first-order clauses S saturated by Resolution (with a valid literal selection function) we show that T is complete if its Trigger function is…

The Univalent Foundations requires a logic that allows us to define structures on homotopy types, similar to how first-order logic with equality ($\text{FOL}_=$) allows us to define structures on sets. We develop the syntax, semantics and…

Large computer-understandable proofs consist of millions of intermediate logical steps. The vast majority of such steps originate from manually selected and manually guided heuristics applied to intermediate goals. So far, machine learning…

Here it is shown that standard set theory can be interpreted in a theory about order. The ordering here is about non-extensional flat classes, i.e. classes that are not elements of classes. So, stipulating a nearly well order over all those…

This paper develops a general methodology to connect propositional and first-order interpolation. In fact, the existence of suitable skolemizations and of Herbrand expansions together with a propositional interpolant suffice to construct a…

We show that the decidability of the first-order theory of the language that combines Boolean algebras of sets of uninterpreted elements with Presburger arithmetic operations. We thereby disprove a recent conjecture that this theory is…

Answer set programming (ASP) is a paradigm for declarative problem solving where problems are first formalized as rule sets, i.e., answer-set programs, in a uniform way and then solved by computing answer sets for programs. The…

First-Order Logic (FOL) is widely regarded as one of the most important foundations for knowledge representation. Nevertheless, in this paper, we argue that FOL has several critical issues for this purpose. Instead, we propose an…

Blocked clauses provide the basis for powerful reasoning techniques used in SAT, QBF, and DQBF solving. Their definition, which relies on a simple syntactic criterion, guarantees that they are both redundant and easy to find. In this paper,…

In this note, we present a characterization of sets definable in Skolem arithmetic, i.e., the first-order theory of natural numbers with multiplication. This characterization allows us to prove the decidability of the theory. The idea is…

Combining a standard proof search method, such as resolution or tableaux, and rewriting is a powerful way to cut off search space in automated theorem proving, but proving the completeness of such combined methods may be challenging. It may…