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In this paper, we investigate the seeking of Nash equilibrium (NE) in a non-cooperative quadratic game where all agents exchange their delayed strategy information with their neighbors. To extend best-response algorithms to the delayed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Kaichen Jiang , Yuyue Yan , Mingda Yue , Yuhu Wu

This work proposes a novel distributed approach for computing a Nash equilibrium in convex games with merely monotone and restricted strongly monotone pseudo-gradients. By leveraging the idea of the centralized operator extrapolation method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Tatiana Tatarenko , Angelia Nedich

Search in test time is often used to improve the performance of reinforcement learning algorithms. Performing theoretically sound search in fully adversarial two-player games with imperfect information is notoriously difficult and requires…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Ondrej Kubicek , Neil Burch , Viliam Lisy

Nash equilibrium is a key concept in game theory fundamental for elucidating the equilibrium state of strategic interactions, finding applications in diverse fields such as economics, political science, and biology. However, the Nash…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Elie Eshoa , Ali R. Zomorrodi

We introduce a stochastic learning process called the dampened gradient approximation process. While learning models have almost exclusively focused on finite games, in this paper we design a learning process for games with continuous…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Sebastian Bervoets , Mario Bravo , Mathieu Faure

In this paper we investigate the Follow the Regularized Leader dynamics in sequential imperfect information games (IIG). We generalize existing results of Poincar\'e recurrence from normal-form games to zero-sum two-player imperfect…

In multi-agent autonomous systems, deception is a fundamental concept which characterizes the exploitation of unbalanced information to mislead victims into choosing oblivious actions. This effectively alters the system's long term…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-27 Michael Tang , Miroslav Krstic , Jorge Poveda

The designs of many large-scale systems today, from traffic routing environments to smart grids, rely on game-theoretic equilibrium concepts. However, as the size of an $N$-player game typically grows exponentially with $N$, standard game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Paul Muller , Romuald Elie , Mark Rowland , Mathieu Lauriere , Julien Perolat , Sarah Perrin , Matthieu Geist , Georgios Piliouras , Olivier Pietquin , Karl Tuyls

A recent body of experimental literature has studied empirical game-theoretical analysis, in which we have partial knowledge of a game, consisting of observations of a subset of the pure-strategy profiles and their associated payoffs to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-13 John Fearnley , Martin Gairing , Paul Goldberg , Rahul Savani

This paper considers the problem of designing optimal algorithms for reinforcement learning in two-player zero-sum games. We focus on self-play algorithms which learn the optimal policy by playing against itself without any direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Yu Bai , Chi Jin , Tiancheng Yu

We address the generalized Nash equilibrium seeking problem in a partial-decision information scenario, where each agent can only exchange information with some neighbors, although its cost function possibly depends on the strategies of all…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Mattia Bianchi , Giuseppe Belgioioso , Sergio Grammatico

We investigate optimal decision making under imperfect recall, that is, when an agent forgets information it once held before. An example is the absentminded driver game, as well as team games in which the members have limited communication…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Emanuel Tewolde , Brian Hu Zhang , Caspar Oesterheld , Manolis Zampetakis , Tuomas Sandholm , Paul W. Goldberg , Vincent Conitzer

In this article we analyze a partial-information Nash Q-learning algorithm for a general 2-player stochastic game. Partial information refers to the setting where a player does not know the strategy or the actions taken by the opposing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Negash Medhin , Andrew Papanicolaou , Marwen Zrida

Nash equilibrium is one of the most influential solution concepts in game theory. With the development of computer science and artificial intelligence, there is an increasing demand on Nash equilibrium computation, especially for Internet…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Hanyu Li , Wenhan Huang , Zhijian Duan , David Henry Mguni , Kun Shao , Jun Wang , Xiaotie Deng

In finite games mixed Nash equilibria always exist, but pure equilibria may fail to exist. To assess the relevance of this nonexistence, we consider games where the payoffs are drawn at random. In particular, we focus on games where a large…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Ben Amiet , Andrea Collevecchio , Marco Scarsini , Ziwen Zhong

Learning in games discusses the processes where multiple players learn their optimal strategies through the repetition of game plays. The dynamics of learning between two players in zero-sum games, such as Matching Pennies, where their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yuma Fujimoto , Kaito Ariu , Kenshi Abe

This paper studies random reshuffling (RR)-based distributed Nash equilibrium seeking for noncooperative games. The game is motivated as a sample-average approximation of an underlying expected-value stochastic game, while the algorithmic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Jun Hu , Chao Sun , Chen Bo , Jianzheng Wang , Zheming Wang

In stochastic Nash equilibrium problems (SNEPs), it is natural for players to be uncertain about their complex environments and have multi-dimensional unknown parameters in their models. Among various SNEPs, this paper focuses on locally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Yuanhanqing Huang , Jianghai Hu

Game-theoretic approaches and Nash equilibrium have been widely applied across various engineering domains. However, practical challenges such as disturbances, delays, and actuator limitations can hinder the precise execution of Nash…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mahdis Rabbani , Navid Mojahed , Shima Nazari

Contemporary applications of machine learning in two-team e-sports and the superior expressivity of multi-agent generative adversarial networks raise important and overlooked theoretical questions regarding optimization in two-team games.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Fivos Kalogiannis , Ioannis Panageas , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis