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The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) transport problem is a relaxation of classic optimal transport, which seeks a transport between two measures while preserving their internal geometry. Due to meeting this theoretical underpinning, it is a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-14 Florian Beier , Robert Beinert

In this work, we present the Bregman Alternating Projected Gradient (BAPG) method, a single-loop algorithm that offers an approximate solution to the Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance. We introduce a novel relaxation technique that balances…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Jiajin Li , Jianheng Tang , Lemin Kong , Huikang Liu , Jia Li , Anthony Man-Cho So , Jose Blanchet

Algorithmic stability is an important notion that has proven powerful for deriving generalization bounds for practical algorithms. The last decade has witnessed an increasing number of stability bounds for different algorithms applied on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Lingjiong Zhu , Mert Gurbuzbalaban , Anant Raj , Umut Simsekli

Comparing structured objects such as graphs is a fundamental operation involved in many learning tasks. To this end, the Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance, based on Optimal Transport (OT), has proven to be successful in handling the specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Cédric Vincent-Cuaz , Rémi Flamary , Marco Corneli , Titouan Vayer , Nicolas Courty

The quantization problem aims to find the best possible approximation of probability measures on ${\mathbb{R}}^d$ using finite, discrete measures. The Wasserstein distance is a typical choice to measure the quality of the approximation.…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-11 Rajmadan Lakshmanan , Alois Pichler

Hydromagnetic turbulence produced during phase transitions in the early universe can be a powerful source of stochastic gravitational waves (GWs). GWs can be modelled by the linearised spatial part of the Einstein equations sourced by the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-07-15 A. Roper Pol , A. Brandenburg , T. Kahniashvili , A. Kosowsky , S. Mandal

We propose a novel approach for comparing distributions whose supports do not necessarily lie on the same metric space. Unlike Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance which compares pairwise distances of elements from each distribution, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-23 Mokhtar Z. Alaya , Maxime Bérar , Gilles Gasso , Alain Rakotomamonjy

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance is a powerful tool for comparing metric measure spaces which has found broad applications in data science and machine learning. Driven by the need to analyze datasets whose objects have increasingly…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Martin Bauer , Facundo Mémoli , Tom Needham , Mao Nishino

The Gromov--Wasserstein (GW) distance and its fused extension (FGW) are powerful tools for comparing heterogeneous data. Their computation is, however, challenging since both distances are based on non-convex, quadratic optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Moritz Piening , Robert Beinert

Motivated by approximation Bayesian computation using mean-field variational approximation and the computation of equilibrium in multi-species systems with cross-interaction, this paper investigates the composite geodesically convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Rentian Yao , Xiaohui Chen , Yun Yang

Entropy regularization is an efficient technique for encouraging exploration and preventing a premature convergence of (vanilla) policy gradient methods in reinforcement learning (RL). However, the theoretical understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yuhao Ding , Junzi Zhang , Hyunin Lee , Javad Lavaei

Fused Gromov-Wasserstein (FGW) distances provide a principled framework for comparing objects by jointly aligning structure and node features. However, existing FGW formulations treat all features uniformly, which limits interpretability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Harlin Lee , Ying Yu , Mingxin Li , Ranthony Clark

Supervised graph prediction addresses regression problems where the outputs are structured graphs. Although several approaches exist for graph-valued prediction, principled uncertainty quantification remains limited. We propose a conformal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-30 Gabriel Melo , Thibaut de Saivre , Anna Calissano , Florence d'Alché-Buc

This paper presents a framework for computing the Gromov-Wasserstein problem between two sets of points in low dimensional spaces, where the discrepancy is the squared Euclidean norm. The Gromov-Wasserstein problem is a generalization of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Martin Ryner , Jan Kronqvist , Johan Karlsson

We introduce a theoretical framework for performing statistical tasks---including, but not limited to, averaging and principal component analysis---on the space of (possibly asymmetric) matrices with arbitrary entries and sizes. This is…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Samir Chowdhury , Tom Needham

The assignment problem, a cornerstone of operations research, seeks an optimal one-to-one mapping between agents and tasks to minimize total cost. This work traces its evolution from classical formulations and algorithms to modern optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Iman Seyedi , Antonio Candelieri , Enza Messina , Francesco Archetti

We derive first-order (in the stepsize) bounds on the bias in Wasserstein distances of the invariant measure of stochastic gradient kinetic Langevin dynamics with minimal assumptions on the stochastic gradient noise. These bounds sharpen…

Computation · Statistics 2026-04-28 Daniel Paulin , Peter A. Whalley

The problem of determining the configuration of points from partial distance information, known as the Euclidean Distance Geometry (EDG) problem, is fundamental to many tasks in the applied sciences. In this paper, we propose two algorithms…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Chandler Smith , HanQin Cai , Abiy Tasissa

This paper considers the problem of estimating a matrix that encodes pairwise distances in a finite metric space (or, more generally, the edge weight matrix of a network) under the barycentric coding model (BCM) with respect to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Rocío Díaz Martín , Ivan V. Medri , James M. Murphy

Optimal transport (OT) and Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) alignment provide interpretable geometric frameworks for comparing, transforming, and aggregating heterogeneous datasets -- tasks ubiquitous in data science and machine learning. Because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanjit Dandapanthula , Aleksandr Podkopaev , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Aaditya Ramdas , Ziv Goldfeld