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Large Language Models are typically trained with next-turn rewards, limiting their ability to optimize for long-term interaction. As a result, they often respond passively to ambiguous or open-ended user requests, failing to help users…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Shirley Wu , Michel Galley , Baolin Peng , Hao Cheng , Gavin Li , Yao Dou , Weixin Cai , James Zou , Jure Leskovec , Jianfeng Gao

While recent advancements in aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with recommendation tasks have shown great potential and promising performance overall, these aligned recommendation LLMs still face challenges in complex scenarios. This is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yi Fang , Wenjie Wang , Yang Zhang , Fengbin Zhu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Building an intelligent dialogue system with the ability to select a proper response according to a multi-turn context is a great challenging task. Existing studies focus on building a context-response matching model with various neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Ruijian Xu , Chongyang Tao , Daxin Jiang , Xueliang Zhao , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

The rapid advancement of chat-based language models has led to remarkable progress in complex task-solving. However, their success heavily relies on human input to guide the conversation, which can be challenging and time-consuming. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Guohao Li , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Hani Itani , Dmitrii Khizbullin , Bernard Ghanem

The use of large language models either as decision support systems, or in agentic workflows, is rapidly transforming the digital ecosystem. However, the understanding of LLM decision-making under uncertainty remains limited. We study LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Luise Ge , Yongyan Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Task-orientated conversational agents interact with users and assist them via leveraging external APIs. A typical task-oriented conversational system can be broken down into three phases: external API selection, argument filling, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Jisoo Mok , Mohammad Kachuee , Shuyang Dai , Shayan Ray , Tara Taghavi , Sungroh Yoon

Designing dialog tutors has been challenging as it involves modeling the diverse and complex pedagogical strategies employed by human tutors. Although there have been significant recent advances in neural conversational systems using large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Jakub Macina , Nico Daheim , Lingzhi Wang , Tanmay Sinha , Manu Kapur , Iryna Gurevych , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced conversational AI assistants. However, systematically evaluating how well these assistants apply personalization--adapting to individual user preferences while completing tasks--remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Zheng Zhao , Clara Vania , Subhradeep Kayal , Naila Khan , Shay B. Cohen , Emine Yilmaz

In task-oriented dialogues with symbiotic robots, the robot usually takes the initiative in dialogue progression and topic selection. In such robot-driven dialogue, the user's sense of participation in the dialogue is reduced because the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Makoto Kawamoto , Masaki Shuzo , Eisaku Maeda

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly used for providing advice to facilitate human decision making in a wide range of domains, such as healthcare, criminal justice, and finance. Motivated by limitations of the current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Gali Noti , Yiling Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful dialogue agents, but specializing them towards fulfilling a specific function can be challenging. Instructing tuning, i.e. tuning models on instruction and sample responses generated by humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Dennis Ulmer , Elman Mansimov , Kaixiang Lin , Justin Sun , Xibin Gao , Yi Zhang

Conversational human-likeness plays a central role in human-AI interaction, yet it has remained difficult to define, measure, and optimize. As a result, improvements in human-like behavior are largely driven by scale or broad supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Masum Hasan , Junjie Zhao , Ehsan Hoque

How to build and use dialogue data efficiently, and how to deploy models in different domains at scale can be two critical issues in building a task-oriented dialogue system. In this paper, we propose a novel manual-guided dialogue scheme…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Ryuichi Takanobu , Hao Zhou , Yankai Lin , Peng Li , Jie Zhou , Minlie Huang

The recent paradigm shift toward large reasoning models (LRMs) as autonomous agents has intensified the demand for sophisticated, multi-turn tool-use capabilities. Yet, existing datasets and data-generation approaches are limited by static,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jungho Cho , Minbyul Jeong , Sungrae Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) have assisted humans in several writing tasks, including text revision and story generation. However, their effectiveness in supporting domain-specific writing, particularly in business contexts, is relatively…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Minhwa Lee , Zae Myung Kim , Vivek Khetan , Dongyeop Kang

Recent advances in large-scale language modeling and generation have enabled the creation of dialogue agents that exhibit human-like responses in a wide range of conversational scenarios spanning a diverse set of tasks, from general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Abraham Sanders , Tomek Strzalkowski , Mei Si , Albert Chang , Deepanshu Dey , Jonas Braasch , Dakuo Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming knowledge work by improving the quality and efficiency of tasks such as writing, coding, and data analysis. However, their growing use in education has exposed a learning-performance…

We aim to evaluate Large Language Models (LLMs) for embodied decision making. While a significant body of work has been leveraging LLMs for decision making in embodied environments, we still lack a systematic understanding of their…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly proposed as agents in strategic decision environments, yet their behavior in structured geopolitical simulations remains under-researched. We evaluate six popular state-of-the-art LLMs alongside…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Veronika Solopova , Viktoria Skorik , Maksym Tereshchenko , Alina Haidun , Ostap Vykhopen

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to aid and improve human decision-making in classification tasks, not only by providing fairly accurate predictions, but also in their ability to generate cogent narrative explanations of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Laura R. Marusich , Mary Grace Kozuch Dhooghe , Jonathan Z. Bakdash , Murat Kantarcioglu