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This work aims to improve the efficiency of vision transformers (ViT). While ViTs use computationally expensive self-attention operations in every layer, we identify that these operations are highly correlated across layers -- a key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Shashanka Venkataramanan , Amir Ghodrati , Yuki M. Asano , Fatih Porikli , Amirhossein Habibian

The self-attention mechanism, a cornerstone of Transformer-based state-of-the-art deep learning architectures, is largely heuristic-driven and fundamentally challenging to interpret. Establishing a robust theoretical foundation to explain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Laziz U. Abdullaev , Maksim Tkachenko , Tan M. Nguyen

Kernel-based methods for support vector machines (SVM) have shown highly advantageous performance in various applications. However, they may incur prohibitive computational costs for large-scale sample datasets. Therefore, data reduction…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Shenglong Zhou

In the context of deep learning with kernel machines, the deep Restricted Kernel Machine (DRKM) framework allows multiple levels of kernel PCA (KPCA) and Least-Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM) to be combined into a deep architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Francesco Tonin , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Self-attention (SA) based models have recently achieved significant performance improvements in hybrid and end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems owing to their flexible context modeling capability. However, it is also known…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Yosuke Kashiwagi , Emiru Tsunoo , Shinji Watanabe

Kernel methods are typically formulated under the assumption of exact, noise-free access to the Gram matrix. However, in emerging settings such as quantum machine learning, each kernel entry must be inferred from noisy observations, and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Artur Miroszewski

The Hierarchical Kernel Transformer (HKT) is a multi-scale attention mechanism that processes sequences at L resolution levels via trainable causal downsampling, combining level-specific score matrices through learned convex weights. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Giansalvo Cirrincione

This research introduces the Theory of Partial Symmetry Enforced Attention Decomposition (PSEAD), a new and rigorous group-theoretic framework designed to seamlessly integrate local symmetry awareness into the core architecture of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Daniel Ayomide Olanrewaju

Convolutional networks have been the paradigm of choice in many computer vision applications. The convolution operation however has a significant weakness in that it only operates on a local neighborhood, thus missing global information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Irwan Bello , Barret Zoph , Ashish Vaswani , Jonathon Shlens , Quoc V. Le

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are integral to tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering, but their high computational cost, driven by large memory footprints and processing time, limits their scalability and real-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yutong Wang , Haiyu Wang , Sai Qian Zhang

We propose a compression based continual task learning method that can dynamically grow a neural network. Inspired from the recent model compression techniques, we employ compression-aware training and perform low-rank weight approximations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Varigonda Pavan Teja , Priyadarshini Panda

Attention mechanism has gained huge popularity due to its effectiveness in achieving high accuracy in different domains. But attention is opportunistic and is not justified by the content or usability of the content. Transformer like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Chiranjib Sur

While self-attention has been instrumental in the success of Transformers, it can lead to over-concentration on a few tokens during training, resulting in suboptimal information flow. Enforcing doubly-stochastic constraints in attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ashkan Shahbazi , Elaheh Akbari , Darian Salehi , Xinran Liu , Navid Naderializadeh , Soheil Kolouri

In the realm of deep learning, the self-attention mechanism has substantiated its pivotal role across a myriad of tasks, encompassing natural language processing and computer vision. Despite achieving success across diverse applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Muhan Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) incur significant computational cost from processing numerous vision tokens through all LLM layers. Prior pruning methods operate either before the LLM, limiting generality due to diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Omer Faruk Deniz , Ruiyu Mao , Ruochen Li , Yapeng Tian , Latifur Khan

The most widely used artificial intelligence (AI) models today are Transformers employing self-attention. In its standard form, self-attention incurs costs that increase with context length, driving demand for storage, compute, and energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Franz A. Heinsen , Leo Kozachkov

Self-attention, as the key block of transformers, is a powerful mechanism for extracting features from the inputs. In essence, what self-attention does is to infer the pairwise relations between the elements of the inputs, and modify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Lemeng Wu , Xingchao Liu , Qiang Liu

Self-attention in transformer models is an incremental associative memory that maps key vectors to value vectors. One way to speed up self-attention is to employ GPU-compatible vector search algorithms based on standard partitioning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Pierre-Emmanuel Mazaré , Gergely Szilvasy , Maria Lomeli , Francisco Massa , Naila Murray , Hervé Jégou , Matthijs Douze

The remarkable success of transformers in sequence modeling tasks, spanning various applications in natural language processing and computer vision, is attributed to the critical role of self-attention. Similar to the development of most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Rachel S. Y. Teo , Tan M. Nguyen

Due to the success of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) in natural language process (NLP), the multi-head attention transformer has been more and more prevalent in computer-vision researches (CV). However, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Weiqiang Jin , Hang Yu , Hang Yu