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Helioseismic and magnetohydrodynamic waves are abundant in and above sunspots. Through cross-correlating oscillation signals in the photosphere observed by the SDO/HMI, we reconstruct how waves propagate away from virtual wave sources…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-19 Junwei Zhao , Ruizhu Chen , Thomas Hartlep , Alexander G. Kosovichev

Here we review the recent progress made in the detection, examination, characterisation and interpretation of oscillations manifesting in small-scale magnetic elements in the solar photosphere. This region of the Sun's atmosphere is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-09 David B. Jess , Gary Verth

The aim of this study is revisit the physical parameters of umbral dots (UDs) with the latest high resolution observations and contribute to the scientific understanding of their formation and evolution. In this study, we applied a particle…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 Ali Kilcik , Volkan Sarp , Vasyl Yurchyshyn , Jean-Pierre Rozelot , Atila Özgüc

The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a data-driven approach that extracts the dominant features from spatiotemporal data. In this work, we introduce sparse-mode DMD, a new variant of the optimized DMD framework that specifically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-29 Sara M. Ichinaga , Steven L. Brunton , Aleksandr Y. Aravkin , J. Nathan Kutz

The physical conditions leading the sunspot penumbra decay are poorly understood so far. We investigate the photospheric magnetic and velocity properties of a sunspot penumbra during the decay phase to advance the current knowledge of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-15 M. Murabito , S. L. Guglielmino , I. Ermolli , P. Romano , S. Jafarzadeh , L. H. M. Rouppe van der Voort

For the first time, we have determined the spatial distribution of magnetic waveguides and resonant cavities at different heights in the sunspot atmosphere. We applied a decomposition of time cubes of EUV/UV sunspot images obtained in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-21 Robert Sych

High degree solar mode frequencies as measured by ring diagrams are known to change in the presence of the strong magnetic fields found in active regions. We examine these changes in frequency for a large sample of active regions analyzed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Charles S. Baldner , Richard S. Bogart , Sarbani Basu

The identification of coherent structures from experimental or numerical data is an essential task when conducting research in fluid dynamics. This typically involves the construction of an empirical mode base that appropriately captures…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-04-20 Moritz Sieber , Kilian Oberleithner , Christian Oliver Paschereit

Multiscale Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (mPOD) decomposes fluid flows into energy-optimal modes within prescribed frequency bands by combining Proper Orthogonal Decomposition with a multiresolution analysis (MRA). In its classical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-15 Marek Belda , Lorenzo Schena , Romain Poletti , Martin Isoz , Tomáš Hyhlík , Miguel A. Mendez

Accurate and efficient plasma models are essential to understand and control experimental devices. Existing magnetohydrodynamic or kinetic models are nonlinear, computationally intensive, and can be difficult to interpret, while often only…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Alan A. Kaptanoglu , Kyle D. Morgan , Chris J. Hansen , Steven L. Brunton

The calling card of solar magnetism is the sunspot cycle, during which sunspots regularly reverse their polarity sense every 11 years. However, a number of more complicated time-dependent behaviors have also been identified. In particular,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-06 Loren Matilsky , Juri Toomre

Downflows on the solar surface are suspected to play a major role in the dynamics of the convection zone. We investigate the existence of the long-lasting downflows whose effects influence the interior of the Sun and the outer layers. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-05 T. Roudier , M. Švanda , J. M. Malherbe , J. Ballot , D. Korda , Z. Frank

Among the identified solar inertial modes, the high-latitude mode with azimuthal order $m=1$ (HL1) has the largest amplitude and plays a role in shaping the Sun's differential rotation profile. We aim to study the evolution of the HL1 mode…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-12 Zhi-Chao Liang , Laurent Gizon

We present results on modeling solar pores and sunspots using 2D axisymmetric magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. These models are helpful for understanding the mechanisms of magnetic field concentration in sunspots, and the large-scale…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-22 T. Hartlep , F. H. Busse , N. E. Hulburt , A. G. Kosovichev

Context. Magnetic bright points (MBPs) are one of the smallest manifestations of the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere and are observed to extend from the photosphere up to the chromosphere. As such, they represent an excellent feature…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-19 Arthur Berberyan , Peter H. Keys , David B. Jess , Damian J. Christian

Solar pores are active regions with large magnetic field strengths and apparent simple magnetic configurations. Their properties resemble the ones found for the sunspot umbra although pores do not show penumbra. Therefore, solar pores…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-15 C. Quintero Noda , T. Shimizu , B. Ruiz Cobo , Y. Suematsu , Y. Katsukawa , K. Ichimoto

We present a study of wave processes occurring in solar active region NOAA 11131 on 2010 December 10, captured by the Solar Dynamics Observatory in the 1600A, 304A, and 171A channels. For spectral analysis we employed pixelised wavelet…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-20 Robert Sych , David B. Jess , Jiangtao Su

High-resolution imaging observations from the Hinode spacecraft in the CaII H line are employed to study the dynamics of the chromosphere above a sunspot. We find that umbral flashes and other brightenings produced by the oscillation are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 H. Socas-Navarro , S. W. McIntosh , R. Centeno , A. G. de Wijn , B. W. Lites

The magnetic field inside the sunspot umbra, as observed by the Full-disk MagnetoGraph (FMG) onboard the Advanced Space based Solar Observatory (ASO-S), was found to be experiencing a weakening. To address this issue, we employed a method…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-30 Haiqing Xu , Jiangtao Su , Suo Liu , Yuanyong Deng , Xianyong Bai , Jie Chen , Xiaofan Wang , Xiao Yang , Yongliang Song

Spiral waves are ubiquitous spatiotemporal patterns that occur in various excitable systems. In cardiac tissue, the formation of these spiral waves is associated with life-threatening arrhythmias, and, therefore, it is important to study…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Mahesh Kumar Mulimani , Soling Zimik , Jaya Kumar Alageshan , Rahul Pandit