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We propose a novel approach for spoofed speech characterization through explainable probabilistic attribute embeddings. In contrast to high-dimensional raw embeddings extracted from a spoofing countermeasure (CM) whose dimensions are not…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Manasi Chhibber , Jagabandhu Mishra , Hyejin Shim , Tomi H. Kinnunen

The performance of spoofing countermeasure systems depends fundamentally upon the use of sufficiently representative training data. With this usually being limited, current solutions typically lack generalisation to attacks encountered in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-01 Hemlata Tak , Massimiliano Todisco , Xin Wang , Jee-weon Jung , Junichi Yamagishi , Nicholas Evans

Modeling voice identity is challenging due to its multifaceted nature. In generative speech systems, identity is often assessed using automatic speaker verification (ASV) embeddings, designed for discrimination rather than characterizing…

Text mismatch between pre-collected data, either training data or enrollment data, and the actual test data can significantly hurt text-dependent speaker verification (SV) system performance. Although this problem can be solved by carefully…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Yexin Yang , Shuai Wang , Xun Gong , Yanmin Qian , Kai Yu

Verifying the identity of a speaker is crucial in modern human-machine interfaces, e.g., to ensure privacy protection or to enable biometric authentication. Classical speaker verification (SV) approaches estimate a fixed-dimensional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-29 Ahmad Aloradi , Wolfgang Mack , Mohamed Elminshawi , Emanuël A. P. Habets

As automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are vulnerable to spoofing attacks, they are typically used in conjunction with spoofing countermeasure (CM) systems to improve security. For example, the CM can first determine whether the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Anssi Kanervisto , Ville Hautamäki , Tomi Kinnunen , Junichi Yamagishi

Recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have shown promising results in Speaker Verification (SV). However, narrowing the performance gap with supervised systems remains an ongoing challenge. Several studies have observed that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Victor Miara , Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

This study investigates the explainability of embedding representations, specifically those used in modern audio spoofing detection systems based on deep neural networks, known as spoof embeddings. Building on established work in speaker…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Xuechen Liu , Junichi Yamagishi , Md Sahidullah , Tomi kinnunen

The ASVspoof initiative was conceived to spearhead research in anti-spoofing for automatic speaker verification (ASV). This paper describes the third in a series of bi-annual challenges: ASVspoof 2019. With the challenge database and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Andreas Nautsch , Xin Wang , Nicholas Evans , Tomi Kinnunen , Ville Vestman , Massimiliano Todisco , Héctor Delgado , Md Sahidullah , Junichi Yamagishi , Kong Aik Lee

Previous works have shown that automatic speaker verification (ASV) is seriously vulnerable to malicious spoofing attacks, such as replay, synthetic speech, and recently emerged adversarial attacks. Great efforts have been dedicated to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Haibin Wu , Xu Li , Andy T. Liu , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng , Hung-yi Lee

Self-supervised learned models have been found to be very effective for certain speech tasks such as automatic speech recognition, speaker identification, keyword spotting and others. While the features are undeniably useful in speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Ravi Shankar , Ke Tan , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar

State-of-the-art speaker verification systems are inherently dependent on some kind of human supervision as they are trained on massive amounts of labeled data. However, manually annotating utterances is slow, expensive and not scalable to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Théo Lepage , Réda Dehak

This work details our approach to achieving a leading system with a 1.79% pooled equal error rate (EER) on the evaluation set of the Controlled Singing Voice Deepfake Detection (CtrSVDD). The rapid advancement of generative AI models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Anmol Guragain , Tianchi Liu , Zihan Pan , Hardik B. Sailor , Qiongqiong Wang

ASVspoof, now in its third edition, is a series of community-led challenges which promote the development of countermeasures to protect automatic speaker verification (ASV) from the threat of spoofing. Advances in the 2019 edition include:…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-16 Massimiliano Todisco , Xin Wang , Ville Vestman , Md Sahidullah , Hector Delgado , Andreas Nautsch , Junichi Yamagishi , Nicholas Evans , Tomi Kinnunen , Kong Aik Lee

Now-a-days, speech-based biometric systems such as automatic speaker verification (ASV) are highly prone to spoofing attacks by an imposture. With recent development in various voice conversion (VC) and speech synthesis (SS) algorithms,…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Dipjyoti Paul , Monisankha Pal , Goutam Saha

The ASVspoof challenge series was born to spearhead research in anti-spoofing for automatic speaker verification (ASV). The two challenge editions in 2015 and 2017 involved the assessment of spoofing countermeasures (CMs) in isolation from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-12 Tomi Kinnunen , Kong Aik Lee , Hector Delgado , Nicholas Evans , Massimiliano Todisco , Md Sahidullah , Junichi Yamagishi , Douglas A. Reynolds

One of the most crucial components in the field of biometric security is the automatic speaker verification system, which is based on the speaker's voice. It is possible to utilise ASVs in isolation or in conjunction with other AI models.…

As a form of biometric authentication technology, the security of speaker verification systems is of utmost importance. However, SV systems are inherently vulnerable to various types of attacks that can compromise their accuracy and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qing Wang , Hongmei Guo , Jian Kang , Mengjie Du , Jie Li , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Lei Xie

This paper presents the BUT submission to the WildSpoof Challenge, focusing on the Spoofing-robust Automatic Speaker Verification (SASV) track. We propose a SASV framework designed to bridge the gap between general audio understanding and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Junyi Peng , Jin Li , Johan Rohdin , Lin Zhang , Miroslav Hlaváček , Oldrich Plchot

Many existing speaker verification systems are reported to be vulnerable against different spoofing attacks, for example speaker-adapted speech synthesis, voice conversion, play back, etc. In order to detect these spoofed speech signals as…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-07-30 Shitao Weng , Shushan Chen , Lei Yu , Xuewei Wu , Weicheng Cai , Zhi Liu , Ming Li