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Related papers: A First Course in Causal Inference

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These notes were compiled as lecture notes for a course developed and taught at the University of the Southern California. They should be accessible to a typical engineering graduate student with a strong background in Applied Mathematics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Deep Ray , Orazio Pinti , Assad A. Oberai

The traditional calculus-based introduction to statistical inference consists of a semester of probability followed by a semester of frequentist inference. Cobb (2015) challenges the statistical education community to rethink the…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2020-07-09 Jim Albert

Instructors of statistics who teach non-statistics majors possess varied academic backgrounds, and hence it is reasonable to expect variability in their content knowledge, and pedagogical approach. The aim of this study was to determine the…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-07-20 Rossi A. Hassad

Probabilistic models such as logistic regression, Bayesian classification, neural networks, and models for natural language processing, are increasingly more present in both undergraduate and graduate statistics and data science curricula…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2023-05-26 Vojtech Kejzlar , Jingchen Hu

Causality is a subject of philosophical debate and a central scientific issue with a long history. In the statistical domain, the study of cause and effect based on the notion of `fairness' in comparisons dates back several hundred years,…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-04-06 Erica EM Moodie , David A Stephens

Causal inference is a key research area in machine learning, yet confusion reigns over the tools needed to tackle it. There are prevalent claims in the machine learning literature that you need a bespoke causal framework or notation to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-30 Bruno Mlodozeniec , David Krueger , Richard E. Turner

This paper discusses the fundamental principles of causal inference - the area of statistics that estimates the effect of specific occurrences, treatments, interventions, and exposures on a given outcome from experimental and observational…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-03 Francesca Dominici , Falco J. Bargagli-Stoffi , Fabrizia Mealli

Although review papers on causal inference methods are now available, there is a lack of introductory overviews on what they can render and on the guiding criteria for choosing one particular method. This tutorial gives an overview in…

Causal inference is the process of estimating the effect or impact of a treatment on an outcome with other covariates as potential confounders (and mediators) that may need to be controlled. The vast majority of existing methods and systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Arun S. Maiya

Causal inference studies whether the presence of a variable influences an observed outcome. As measured by quantities such as the "average treatment effect," this paradigm is employed across numerous biological fields, from vaccine and drug…

This lecture note is intended to prepare early-year master's and PhD students in data science or a related discipline with foundational ideas in machine learning. It starts with basic ideas in modern machine learning with classification as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Kyunghyun Cho

A data science task can be deemed as making sense of the data or testing a hypothesis about it. The conclusions inferred from data can greatly guide us to make informative decisions. Big data has enabled us to carry out countless prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Wenhao Zhang , Ramin Ramezani , Arash Naeim

Causal inference is a central goal across many scientific disciplines. Over the past several decades, three major frameworks have emerged to formalize causal questions and guide their analysis: the potential outcomes framework, structural…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Linbo Wang , Thomas Richardson , James Robins

We propose a semester-long Bayesian statistics course for undergraduate students with calculus and probability background. We cultivate students' Bayesian thinking with Bayesian methods applied to real data problems. We leverage modern…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2020-08-31 Jingchen Hu

This article serves as the regression analysis lecture notes in the Intelligent Computing course cluster (including the courses of Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining, Machine Learning, and Pattern Recognition). It aims to provide students…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jingyuan Wang , Jiahao Ji

Over 1100 students over four semesters were given the option of taking an introductory undergraduate statistics class either by in-person attendance in lectures or by taking exactly the same class (same instructor, recorded lectures,…

Applications · Statistics 2023-04-10 Ellen S. Fireman , Zachary S. Donnini , Michael B. Weissman , Daniel J. Eck

Inferring causal effects of treatments is a central goal in many disciplines. The potential outcomes framework is a main statistical approach to causal inference, in which a causal effect is defined as a comparison of the potential outcomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-04 Peng Ding , Fan Li

Brief lecture notes for a course about random matrices given at the University of Cambridge.

Probability · Mathematics 2013-05-10 Vladislav Kargin , Elena Yudovina

We examine the role of textual data as study units when conducting causal inference by drawing parallels between human subjects and organized texts. %in human population research. We elaborate on key causal concepts and principles, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Bo Zhang , Jiayao Zhang

These are the lecture notes for the introductory graduate course I taught at Yale during Spring 2007. I mostly followed [GS], [BGV], [AB], [Par2], and there are no original results in these notes.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-06-02 Matvei Libine