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Diffusion models typically employ static or heuristic classifier-free guidance (CFG) schedules, which often fail to adapt across timesteps and noise conditions. In this work, we introduce a quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) controller…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Chi-Sheng Chen , En-Jui Kuo

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with quantum computing is a critical challenge, hindered by the severe constraints of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, including barren plateaus and limited coherence. Current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Yi Pan , Hanqi Jiang , Junhao Chen , Yiwei Li , Huaqin Zhao , Lin Zhao , Yohannes Abate , Yingfeng Wang , Tianming Liu

In recent years, quantum-enhanced machine learning has emerged as a particularly fruitful application of quantum algorithms, covering aspects of supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning. Reinforcement learning offers numerous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-03 A. Hamann , V. Dunjko , S. Wölk

Machine learning with artificial neural networks is revolutionizing science. The most advanced challenges require discovering answers autonomously. This is the domain of reinforcement learning, where control strategies are improved…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Thomas Fösel , Petru Tighineanu , Talitha Weiss , Florian Marquardt

The quantum cloud computing paradigm presents unique challenges in task placement due to the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of quantum computation resources. Traditional heuristic approaches fall short in adapting to the rapidly evolving…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Hoa T. Nguyen , Muhammad Usman , Rajkumar Buyya

This paper provides an integrated perspective on addressing key challenges in developing reliable and secure Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. In this paper, we present an integrated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Nouhaila Innan , Muhammad Kashif , Alberto Marchisio , Mohamed Bennai , Muhammad Shafique

Increasing demand for algorithms that can learn quickly and efficiently has led to a surge of development within the field of artificial intelligence (AI). An important paradigm within AI is reinforcement learning (RL), where agents…

Quantum machine learning leverages quantum computing to enhance accuracy and reduce model complexity compared to classical approaches, promising significant advancements in various fields. Within this domain, quantum reinforcement learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-29 Nico Meyer , Julian Berberich , Christopher Mutschler , Daniel D. Scherer

Quantum computing has shown the potential to substantially speed up machine learning applications, in particular for supervised and unsupervised learning. Reinforcement learning, on the other hand, has become essential for solving many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 El Amine Cherrat , Iordanis Kerenidis , Anupam Prakash

Quantum Federated Learning (QFL) is an emerging interdisciplinary field that merges the principles of Quantum Computing (QC) and Federated Learning (FL), with the goal of leveraging quantum technologies to enhance privacy, security, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Chao Ren , Rudai Yan , Huihui Zhu , Han Yu , Minrui Xu , Yuan Shen , Yan Xu , Ming Xiao , Zhao Yang Dong , Mikael Skoglund , Dusit Niyato , Leong Chuan Kwek

Quantum federated learning (QFL) is a combination of distributed quantum computing and federated machine learning, integrating the strengths of both to enable privacy-preserving decentralized learning with quantum-enhanced capabilities. It…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Dinh C. Nguyen , Md Raihan Uddin , Shaba Shaon , Ratun Rahman , Octavia Dobre , Dusit Niyato

As of today, no one can tell when a universal quantum computer with thousands of logical quantum bits (qubits) will be built. At present, most quantum computer prototypes involve less than ten individually controllable qubits, and only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-05 Tao Xin , Shilin Huang , Sirui Lu , Keren Li , Zhihuang Luo , Zhangqi Yin , Jun Li , Dawei Lu , Guilu Long , Bei Zeng

Quantum machine learning (QML) sits at the intersection of quantum computing and classical machine learning, offering the prospect of new computational paradigms and advantages for processing complex data. This chapter introduces the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Lirandë Pira , Patrick Rebentrost

Quantum computers can offer dramatic improvements over classical devices for data analysis tasks such as prediction and classification. However, less is known about the advantages that quantum computers may bring in the setting of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-10 Vedran Dunjko , Yi-Kai Liu , Xingyao Wu , Jacob M. Taylor

Quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) is a promising paradigm for near-term quantum devices. While existing QRL methods have shown success in discrete action spaces, extending these techniques to continuous domains is challenging due to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Shaojun Wu , Shan Jin , Dingding Wen , Donghong Han , Xiaoting Wang

First quantum computers very recently have demonstrated "quantum supremacy" or "quantum advantage": Executing a computation that would have been impossible on a classical machine. Today's quantum computers follow the NISQ paradigm: They…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-30 Sebastian Brandhofer , Simon Devitt , Thomas Wellens , Ilia Polian

Quantum Federated Learning (QFL) merges privacy-preserving federation with quantum computing gains, yet its resilience to adversarial noise is unknown. We first show that QFL is as fragile as centralized quantum learning. We propose Robust…

Quantum federated learning (QFL) combines quantum computing and federated learning to enable decentralized model training while maintaining data privacy. QFL can improve computational efficiency and scalability by taking advantage of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Ratun Rahman , Dinh C. Nguyen , Christo Kurisummoottil Thomas , Walid Saad

In this paper, we introduce Quantum-Train-Based Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (Dist-QTRL), a novel approach to addressing the scalability challenges of traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) by integrating quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 Kuan-Cheng Chen , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Chen-Yu Liu , Kin K. Leung

Achieving high-performance computation on quantum systems presents a formidable challenge that necessitates bridging the capabilities between quantum hardware and classical computing resources. This study introduces an innovative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Kuan-Cheng Chen , Xiaoren Li , Xiaotian Xu , Yun-Yuan Wang , Chen-Yu Liu