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Learning locomotion skills is a challenging problem. To generate realistic and smooth locomotion, existing methods use motion capture, finite state machines or morphology-specific knowledge to guide the motion generation algorithms. Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Wenhao Yu , Greg Turk , C. Karen Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) for bipedal locomotion has recently demonstrated robust gaits over moderate terrains using only proprioceptive sensing. However, such blind controllers will fail in environments where robots must anticipate and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Helei Duan , Bikram Pandit , Mohitvishnu S. Gadde , Bart van Marum , Jeremy Dao , Chanho Kim , Alan Fern

Hybrid locomotion of wheeled-legged robots has recently attracted increasing attention due to their advantages of combining the agility of legged locomotion and the efficiency of wheeled motion. But along with expanded performance, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jingyuan Sun , Hongyu Ji , Zihan Qu , Chaoran Wang , Mingyu Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a class of artificial intelligence algorithms being used to design adaptive optimal controllers through online learning. This paper presents a model-free, real-time, data-efficient Q-learning-based algorithm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Ali Aalipour , Alireza Khani

This paper presents a novel model-free reinforcement learning (RL) framework to design feedback control policies for 3D bipedal walking. Existing RL algorithms are often trained in an end-to-end manner or rely on prior knowledge of some…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Guillermo A. Castillo , Bowen Weng , Wei Zhang , Ayonga Hereid

Recently, reinforcement learning has become a promising and polular solution for robot legged locomotion. Compared to model-based control, reinforcement learning based controllers can achieve better robustness against uncertainties of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Yikai Wang , Zheyuan Jiang , Jianyu Chen

Humanoid locomotion requires not only accurate command tracking for navigation but also compliant responses to external forces during human interaction. Despite significant progress, existing RL approaches mainly emphasize robustness,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tingxuan Leng , Yushi Wang , Tinglong Zheng , Changsheng Luo , Mingguo Zhao

Autonomous racing presents unique challenges due to its non-linear dynamics, the high speed involved, and the critical need for real-time decision-making under dynamic and unpredictable conditions. Most traditional Reinforcement Learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Benedict Hildisch , Edoardo Ghignone , Nicolas Baumann , Cheng Hu , Andrea Carron , Michele Magno

Online reinforcement learning (RL) methods are often data-inefficient or unreliable, making them difficult to train on real robotic hardware, especially quadruped robots. Learning robotic tasks from pre-collected data is a promising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Hongyin Zhang , Shuyu Yang , Donglin Wang

Legged robots have significant potential to operate in highly unstructured environments. The design of locomotion control is, however, still challenging. Currently, controllers must be either manually designed for specific robots and tasks,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Mathias Thor , Poramate Manoonpong

Off-road navigation on vertically challenging terrain, involving steep slopes and rugged boulders, presents significant challenges for wheeled robots both at the planning level to achieve smooth collision-free trajectories and at the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Tong Xu , Chenhui Pan , Xuesu Xiao

In this paper, we leverage ideas from model-based control to address the sample efficiency problem of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Accelerating learning is an active field of RL highly relevant in the context of time-varying…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Ibrahim Ahmed , Marcos Quinones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

Amphibious legged robots inspired by salamanders are promising in applications in complex amphibious environments. However, despite the significant success of training controllers that achieve diverse locomotion behaviors in conventional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Mengze Tian , Qiyuan Fu , Chuanfang Ning , Javier Jia Jie Pey , Auke Ijspeert

Bridging model-based safety and model-free reinforcement learning (RL) for dynamic robots is appealing since model-based methods are able to provide formal safety guarantees, while RL-based methods are able to exploit the robot agility by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Zhongyu Li , Jun Zeng , Akshay Thirugnanam , Koushil Sreenath

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising method to develop humanoid robot locomotion controllers. Despite the robust and stable locomotion demonstrated by previous RL controllers, their behavior often lacks the natural…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Qiyuan Zhang , Chenfan Weng , Guanwu Li , Fulai He , Yusheng Cai

This paper presents a hybrid approach that integrates trajectory optimization (TO) and reinforcement learning (RL) for motion planning and control of free-flying multi-arm robots in on-orbit servicing scenarios. The proposed system…

Legged robots are physically capable of traversing a wide range of challenging environments, but designing controllers that are sufficiently robust to handle this diversity has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Laura Smith , J. Chase Kew , Xue Bin Peng , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Sergey Levine

Quadrupedal robots are increasingly deployed for load-carrying tasks across diverse terrains. While Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based methods can account for payload variations, they often depend on predefined gait schedules or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Vamshi Kumar Kurva , Shishir Kolathaya

Several earlier studies have shown impressive control performance in complex robotic systems by designing the controller using a neural network and training it with model-free reinforcement learning. However, these outstanding controllers…

Soft robotic crawlers are mobile robots that utilize soft body deformability and compliance to achieve locomotion through surface contact. Designing control strategies for such systems is challenging due to model inaccuracies, sensor noise,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Vaughn Gzenda , Robin Chhabra