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Backdoor attacks represent a serious threat to neural network models. A backdoored model will misclassify the trigger-embedded inputs into an attacker-chosen target label while performing normally on other benign inputs. There are already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Jing Xu , Minhui , Xue , Stjepan Picek

For nearly a decade the academic community has investigated backdoors in neural networks, primarily focusing on classification tasks where adversaries manipulate the model prediction. While demonstrably malicious, the immediate real-world…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nicolas Küchler , Ivan Petrov , Conrad Grobler , Ilia Shumailov

Neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art performance in solving many problems, including many applications in safety/security-critical systems. Researchers also discovered multiple security issues associated with neural networks. One…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Long H. Pham , Jun Sun

Deep neural networks have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Specifically, by injecting a small number of maliciously constructed inputs into the training set, an adversary is able to plant a backdoor into the trained…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-10 Alexander Turner , Dimitris Tsipras , Aleksander Madry

Recent studies have proven that deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Specifically, by mixing a small number of poisoned samples into the training set, the behavior of the trained model can be maliciously controlled.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Pengfei Xia , Ziqiang Li , Wei Zhang , Bin Li

Neural networks are often trained on proprietary datasets, making them attractive attack targets. We present a novel dataset extraction method leveraging an innovative training time backdoor attack, allowing a malicious federated learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Eden Luzon , Guy Amit , Roy Weiss , Torsten Kraub , Alexandra Dmitrienko , Yisroel Mirsky

Backdoor attacks aim to surreptitiously insert malicious triggers into DNN models, granting unauthorized control during testing scenarios. Existing methods lack robustness against defense strategies and predominantly focus on enhancing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Han Xu , Jie Ren , Yingqian Cui , Shenglai Zeng , Jiliang Tang , Makoto Yamada , Mohammad Sabokrou

Backdoor learning has become an emerging research area towards building a trustworthy machine learning system. While a lot of works have studied the hidden danger of backdoor attacks in image or text classification, there is a limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Lichang Chen , Minhao Cheng , Heng Huang

Because state-of-the-art language models are expensive to train, most practitioners must make use of one of the few publicly available language models or language model APIs. This consolidation of trust increases the potency of backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Nikhil Kandpal , Matthew Jagielski , Florian Tramèr , Nicholas Carlini

Recent studies show that neural natural language processing (NLP) models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Injected with backdoors, models perform normally on benign examples but produce attacker-specified predictions when the backdoor is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Fanchao Qi , Yuan Yao , Sophia Xu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Reimplementing solutions to previously solved software engineering problems is not only inefficient but also introduces inadequate and error-prone code. Many existing methods achieve impressive performance on this issue by using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Usama Nadeem , Noah Ziems , Shaoen Wu

Web-scraped datasets are vulnerable to data poisoning, which can be used for backdooring deep image classifiers during training. Since training on large datasets is expensive, a model is trained once and re-used many times. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Benjamin Schneider , Nils Lukas , Florian Kerschbaum

Consider the case where a programmer has written some part of a program, but has left part of the program (such as a method or a function body) incomplete. The goal is to use the context surrounding the missing code to automatically 'figure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Rohan Mukherjee , Swarat Chaudhuri , Chris Jermaine

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

Large-scale language models have achieved tremendous success across various natural language processing (NLP) applications. Nevertheless, language models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, which inject stealthy triggers into models for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yujin Huang , Terry Yue Zhuo , Qiongkai Xu , Han Hu , Xingliang Yuan , Chunyang Chen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have long been recognized as vulnerable to backdoor attacks. By providing poisoned training data in the fine-tuning process, the attacker can implant a backdoor into the victim model. This enables input samples…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Abdullah Arafat Miah , Yu Bi

With the widespread use of deep learning system in many applications, the adversary has strong incentive to explore vulnerabilities of deep neural networks and manipulate them. Backdoor attacks against deep neural networks have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Jiazhu Dai , Chuanshuai Chen

Neural code models (NCMs) have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities in code intelligence tasks. Meanwhile, the security of NCMs and NCMs-based systems has garnered increasing attention. In particular, NCMs are often trained on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Weisong Sun , Yuchen Chen , Mengzhe Yuan , Chunrong Fang , Zhenpeng Chen , Chong Wang , Yang Liu , Baowen Xu , Zhenyu Chen

We investigate a new method for injecting backdoors into machine learning models, based on compromising the loss-value computation in the model-training code. We use it to demonstrate new classes of backdoors strictly more powerful than…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Eugene Bagdasaryan , Vitaly Shmatikov

Backdoor attacks have severely threatened deep neural network (DNN) models in the past several years. These attacks can occur in almost every stage of the deep learning pipeline. Although the attacked model behaves normally on benign…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yangming Chen