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In the field of information retrieval, Query Likelihood Models (QLMs) rank documents based on the probability of generating the query given the content of a document. Recently, advanced large language models (LLMs) have emerged as effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Shengyao Zhuang , Bing Liu , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

People have long hoped for a conversational system that can assist in real-life situations, and recent progress on large language models (LLMs) is bringing this idea closer to reality. While LLMs are often impressive in performance, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Linkai Peng , Baorian Nuchged , Yingming Gao

Recently some studies have highlighted the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) as effective generators of supervised training data, offering advantages such as enhanced inference efficiency and reduced costs associated with data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Takuro Fujii , Satoru Katsumata

The recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked concerns about their potential to spread misinformation. As a result, there is a pressing need for tools to identify ``fake arguments'' generated by such models. To create these…

Sentence Simplification aims to rephrase complex sentences into simpler sentences while retaining original meaning. Large Language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to perform a variety of natural language processing tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Yutao Feng , Jipeng Qiang , Yun Li , Yunhao Yuan , Yi Zhu

Automating code documentation through explanatory text can prove highly beneficial in code understanding. Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in Natural Language Processing, especially within software engineering tasks…

There have been widespread claims about Large Language Models (LLMs) being able to successfully verify or self-critique their candidate solutions in reasoning problems in an iterative mode. Intrigued by those claims, in this paper we set…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Karthik Valmeekam , Matthew Marquez , Subbarao Kambhampati

Large language models (LLMs) can solve problems step-by-step. While this chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning boosts LLMs' performance, it is unclear if LLMs \textit{know} when to use CoT and whether those CoT are always necessary to answer the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Cheng-Han Chiang , Hung-yi Lee

We find that language models have difficulties generating fallacious and deceptive reasoning. When asked to generate deceptive outputs, language models tend to leak honest counterparts but believe them to be false. Exploiting this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yue Zhou , Henry Peng Zou , Barbara Di Eugenio , Yang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as flexible alternatives to classical machine learning models for classification tasks through zero-shot prompting. However, their suitability for structured tabular data remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Saeed AlMarri , Kristof Juhasz , Mathieu Ravaut , Gautier Marti , Hamdan Al Ahbabi , Ibrahim Elfadel

Dynamic adversarial question generation, where humans write examples to stump a model, aims to create examples that are realistic and informative. However, the advent of large language models (LLMs) has been a double-edged sword for human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Yoo Yeon Sung , Ishani Mondal , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Large language models (LLMs), trained on large-scale text, have recently attracted significant attention for their strong performance across many tasks. Motivated by this, we investigate whether a text-trained LLM can help localize fake…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Lin Zhang , Thomas Thebaud , Zexin Cai , Sanjeev Khudanpur , Daniel Povey , Leibny Paola García-Perera , Matthew Wiesner , Nicholas Andrews

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate synthetic textual data for training smaller specialized models. However, a comparison of various generation strategies for low-resource language settings is lacking. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tatiana Anikina , Jan Cegin , Jakub Simko , Simon Ostermann

We posit that large language models (LLMs) should be capable of expressing their intrinsic uncertainty in natural language. For example, if the LLM is equally likely to output two contradicting answers to the same question, then its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Gal Yona , Roee Aharoni , Mor Geva

Negations are key to determining sentence meaning, making them essential for logical reasoning. Despite their importance, negations pose a substantial challenge for large language models (LLMs) and remain underexplored. We constructed and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tereza Vrabcová , Marek Kadlčík , Petr Sojka , Michal Štefánik , Michal Spiegel

In day-to-day communication, people often approximate the truth - for example, rounding the time or omitting details - in order to be maximally helpful to the listener. How do large language models (LLMs) handle such nuanced trade-offs? To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ryan Liu , Theodore R. Sumers , Ishita Dasgupta , Thomas L. Griffiths

The recent progress in language-based open-vocabulary object detection can be largely attributed to finding better ways of leveraging large-scale data with free-form text annotations. Training such models with a discriminative objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Shiyu Zhao , Long Zhao , Vijay Kumar B. G , Yumin Suh , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Manmohan Chandraker , Samuel Schulter

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive language understanding and the capacity to generate responses that follow specific prompts. However, due to the computational demands associated with training these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yida Mu , Ben P. Wu , William Thorne , Ambrose Robinson , Nikolaos Aletras , Carolina Scarton , Kalina Bontcheva , Xingyi Song

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has raised concerns about their potential impact on academic integrity, prompting the need for LLM-resistant exam designs. This article investigates the performance of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Simon kaare Larsen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become essential for offensive language detection, yet their ability to handle annotation disagreement remains underexplored. Disagreement samples, which arise from subjective interpretations, pose a unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Junyu Lu , Kai Ma , Kaichun Wang , Kelaiti Xiao , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Bo Xu , Liang Yang , Hongfei Lin
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