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This paper presents a payoff perturbation technique, introducing a strong convexity to players' payoff functions in games. This technique is specifically designed for first-order methods to achieve last-iterate convergence in games where…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Kenshi Abe , Mitsuki Sakamoto , Kaito Ariu , Atsushi Iwasaki

This paper proposes an asymmetric perturbation technique for solving bilinear saddle-point optimization problems, commonly arising in minimax problems, game theory, and constrained optimization. Perturbing payoffs or values is known to be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Kenshi Abe , Mitsuki Sakamoto , Kaito Ariu , Atsushi Iwasaki

In game-theoretic learning, several agents are simultaneously following their individual interests, so the environment is non-stationary from each player's perspective. In this context, the performance of a learning algorithm is often…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yu-Guan Hsieh , Kimon Antonakopoulos , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

We analyse the strategy equilibrium of dilemma games considering a payoff matrix affected by small and random perturbations on the off-diagonal. Notably, a recent work [1] reported that, while cooperation is sustained by perturbations…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-01 Marco A. Amaral , Marco A. Javarone

Mirror Descent (MD) is a well-known method of solving non-smooth convex optimization problems. This paper analyzes the stochastic variant of MD with adaptive stepsizes. Its convergence on average is shown to be faster than with the fixed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-08 Anastasia Bayandina

We address scaling up equilibrium computation in Mean Field Games (MFGs) using Online Mirror Descent (OMD). We show that continuous-time OMD provably converges to a Nash equilibrium under a natural and well-motivated set of monotonicity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Julien Perolat , Sarah Perrin , Romuald Elie , Mathieu Laurière , Georgios Piliouras , Matthieu Geist , Karl Tuyls , Olivier Pietquin

In this paper, we consider two-player zero-sum matrix and stochastic games and develop learning dynamics that are payoff-based, convergent, rational, and symmetric between the two players. Specifically, the learning dynamics for matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Zaiwei Chen , Kaiqing Zhang , Eric Mazumdar , Asuman Ozdaglar , Adam Wierman

It is well known that mirror descent may diverge or cycle on merely monotone variational inequalities. In this paper, we propose \emph{Target Mirror Descent} (TMD), a unified framework that stabilizes monotone flows via a target point…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Yu-Wen Chen , Can Kizilkale , Murat Arcak

In this paper, we propose a second-order extension of the continuous-time game-theoretic mirror descent (MD) dynamics, referred to as MD2, which provably converges to mere (but not necessarily strict) variationally stable states (VSS)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-28 Bolin Gao , Lacra Pavel

We address learning Nash equilibria in convex games under the payoff information setting. We consider the case in which the game pseudo-gradient is monotone but not necessarily strictly monotone. This relaxation of strict monotonicity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-17 Tatiana Tatarenko , Maryam Kamgarpour

Most existing results about \emph{last-iterate convergence} of learning dynamics are limited to two-player zero-sum games, and only apply under rigid assumptions about what dynamics the players follow. In this paper we provide new results…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Ioannis Anagnostides , Ioannis Panageas , Gabriele Farina , Tuomas Sandholm

Motivated by the scarcity of accurate payoff feedback in practical applications of game theory, we examine a class of learning dynamics where players adjust their choices based on past payoff observations that are subject to noise and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-03 Mario Bravo , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

We provide several applications of Optimistic Mirror Descent, an online learning algorithm based on the idea of predictable sequences. First, we recover the Mirror Prox algorithm for offline optimization, prove an extension to Holder-smooth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-11 Alexander Rakhlin , Karthik Sridharan

We propose an adaptive incentive mechanism that learns the optimal incentives in environments where players continuously update their strategies. Our mechanism updates incentives based on each player's externality, defined as the difference…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Chinmay Maheshwari , Kshitij Kulkarni , Manxi Wu , Shankar Sastry

Nash equilibrium is a central concept in game theory. Several Nash solvers exist, yet none scale to normal-form games with many actions and many players, especially those with payoff tensors too big to be stored in memory. In this work, we…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Ian Gemp , Rahul Savani , Marc Lanctot , Yoram Bachrach , Thomas Anthony , Richard Everett , Andrea Tacchetti , Tom Eccles , János Kramár

We introduce a stochastic learning process called the dampened gradient approximation process. While learning models have almost exclusively focused on finite games, in this paper we design a learning process for games with continuous…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Sebastian Bervoets , Mario Bravo , Mathieu Faure

Recent extensions to dynamic games of the well-known fictitious play learning procedure in static games were proved to globally converge to stationary Nash equilibria in two important classes of dynamic games (zero-sum and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Lucas Baudin , Rida Laraki

Fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained language models has been demonstrated effective for various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Previous studies have established that incorporating adversarial training during the fine-tuning stage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Zhehua Zhong , Tianyi Chen , Zhen Wang

Our work focuses on extra gradient learning algorithms for finding Nash equilibria in bilinear zero-sum games. The proposed method, which can be formally considered as a variant of Optimistic Mirror Descent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Michail Fasoulakis , Evangelos Markakis , Yannis Pantazis , Constantinos Varsos

We study how to learn $\epsilon$-optimal strategies in zero-sum imperfect information games (IIG) with trajectory feedback. In this setting, players update their policies sequentially based on their observations over a fixed number of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Côme Fiegel , Pierre Ménard , Tadashi Kozuno , Rémi Munos , Vianney Perchet , Michal Valko
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