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Recent work has described neural-network-based agents that are trained with reinforcement learning (RL) to execute language-like commands in simulated worlds, as a step towards an intelligent agent or robot that can be instructed by human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Felix Hill , Sona Mokra , Nathaniel Wong , Tim Harley

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential for extending vision-language reasoning to professional tool-based image editing, enabling intuitive and creative editing. A promising direction is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Qiucheng Wu , Jing Shi , Simon Jenni , Kushal Kafle , Tianyu Wang , Shiyu Chang , Handong Zhao

The availability of large pre-trained models is changing the landscape of Machine Learning research and practice, moving from a training-from-scratch to a fine-tuning paradigm. While in some applications the goal is to "nudge" the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Tomasz Korbak , Hady Elsahar , Germán Kruszewski , Marc Dymetman

Traditional preference tuning methods for LLMs/Visual Generative Models often rely solely on reward model labeling, which can be opaque, offer limited insights into the rationale behind preferences, and are prone to issues such as reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hanyang Zhao , Haoxian Chen , Yucheng Guo , Genta Indra Winata , Tingting Ou , Ziyu Huang , David D. Yao , Wenpin Tang

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) diffusion model fine-tuning leverage reinforcement learning (RL) to align generated images with learnable reward functions. The existing approaches reformulate denoising as a Markov decision process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinyao Liao , Wei Wei , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng

The rapid adoption of text-to-image diffusion models in society underscores an urgent need to address their biases. Without interventions, these biases could propagate a skewed worldview and restrict opportunities for minority groups. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Xudong Shen , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Min Lin , Yongkang Wong , Mohan Kankanhalli

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) holds promise as a means to learn high-reward policies from a static dataset, without the need for further environment interactions. However, a key challenge in offline RL lies in effectively stitching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Siddarth Venkatraman , Shivesh Khaitan , Ravi Tej Akella , John Dolan , Jeff Schneider , Glen Berseth

Recent Text-to-Image (T2I) generation models such as Stable Diffusion and Imagen have made significant progress in generating high-resolution images based on text descriptions. However, many generated images still suffer from issues such as…

Pretraining reinforcement learning (RL) models on offline datasets is a promising way to improve their training efficiency in online tasks, but challenging due to the inherent mismatch in dynamics and behaviors across various tasks. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Minting Pan , Yitao Zheng , Yunbo Wang , Xiaokang Yang

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) possess extensive text knowledge but struggles to utilize this knowledge for fine-grained image recognition, often failing to differentiate between visually similar categories. Existing fine-tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Raja Kumar , Arka Sadhu , Ram Nevatia

Despite strong image-generation performance, diffusion models' reconstruction objectives limit alignment with human preferences. RL enables such alignment through explicit rewards. However, most studies apply RL to the full denoising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Renye Yan , Jikang Cheng , Shikun Sun , Yi Sun , You Wu , Wei Peng , Zongwei Wang , Ling Liang , Junliang Xing , Yimao Cai

Text-to-multiview (T2MV) diffusion models have shown great promise in generating multiple views of a scene from a single text prompt. While few-step backbones enable real-time T2MV generation, they often compromise key aspects of generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ziyi Zhang , Li Shen , Deheng Ye , Yong Luo , Huangxuan Zhao , Meng Liu , Wei Yu , Lefei Zhang

Diffusion-based planning, learning, and control methods present a promising branch of powerful and expressive decision-making solutions. Given the growing interest, such methods have undergone numerous refinements over the past years.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for eliciting reasoning chains before generating final answers. However, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate reasoning that lacks integration of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Omar Sharif , Eftekhar Hossain , Patrick Ng

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) refers to the problem of learning policies from a static dataset of environment interactions. Offline RL enables extensive use and re-use of historical datasets, while also alleviating safety concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Rafael Rafailov , Tianhe Yu , Aravind Rajeswaran , Chelsea Finn

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a transformative approach for aligning and enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs), addressing critical challenges in instruction following, ethical alignment, and reasoning capabilities. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Saksham Sahai Srivastava , Vaneet Aggarwal

The sequential nature of decision-making in financial asset trading aligns naturally with the reinforcement learning (RL) framework, making RL a common approach in this domain. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio in financial markets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Sven Goluža , Tomislav Kovačević , Stjepan Begušić , Zvonko Kostanjčar

Recent advancements in diffusion models (DMs) have been propelled by alignment methods that post-train models to better conform to human preferences. However, these approaches typically require computation-intensive training of a base model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zejian Li , Yize Li , Chenye Meng , Zhongni Liu , Yang Ling , Shengyuan Zhang , Guang Yang , Changyuan Yang , Zhiyuan Yang , Lingyun Sun

We tackle the problem of aligning pre-trained large language models (LMs) with human preferences. If we view text generation as a sequential decision-making problem, reinforcement learning (RL) appears to be a natural conceptual framework.…

Measuring alignment between language and vision is a fundamental challenge, especially as multimodal data becomes increasingly detailed and complex. Existing methods often rely on collecting human or AI preferences, which can be costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hyojin Bahng , Caroline Chan , Fredo Durand , Phillip Isola