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Hierarchical knowledge structures are ubiquitous across real-world domains and play a vital role in organizing information from coarse to fine semantic levels. While such structures have been widely used in taxonomy systems, biomedical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yunhui Liu , Yongchao Liu , Yinfeng Chen , Chuntao Hong , Tao Zheng , Tieke He

Hierarchical classification is significant for complex tasks by providing multi-granular predictions and encouraging better mistakes. As the label structure decides its performance, many existing approaches attempt to construct an excellent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Xiaoni Li , Yucan Zhou , Yu Zhou , Weiping Wang

Hierarchical text classification aims to categorize each document into a set of classes in a label taxonomy, which is a fundamental web text mining task with broad applications such as web content analysis and semantic indexing. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yunyi Zhang , Ruozhen Yang , Xueqiang Xu , Rui Li , Jinfeng Xiao , Jiaming Shen , Jiawei Han

We present a new perspective on the popular multi-class algorithmic techniques of one-vs-all and error correcting output codes. Rather than studying the behavior of these techniques for supervised learning, we establish a connection between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-28 Maria Florina Balcan , Travis Dick , Yishay Mansour

In this paper we consider the problem of semi-supervised learning with deep Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets). Semi-supervised learning is motivated on the observation that unlabeled data is cheap and can be used to improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Mehdi Sajjadi , Mehran Javanmardi , Tolga Tasdizen

Few-shot classification requires adapting knowledge learned from a large annotated base dataset to recognize novel unseen classes, each represented by few labeled examples. In such a scenario, pretraining a network with high capacity on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Yiren Jian , Lorenzo Torresani

Traditional Multi-level Hierarchical Classification (MLHC) classifiers often rely on backbone models with $n$ independent output layers. This structure tends to overlook the hierarchical relationships between classes, leading to…

In multi-label classification, the main focus has been to develop ways of learning the underlying dependencies between labels, and to take advantage of this at classification time. Developing better feature-space representations has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-23 Jesse Read , Fernando Perez-Cruz

Hierarchical open-set classification handles previously unseen classes by assigning them to the most appropriate high-level category in a class taxonomy. We extend this paradigm to the semi-supervised setting, enabling the use of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Erik Wallin , Fredrik Kahl , Lars Hammarstrand

Self-training, a semi-supervised learning algorithm, leverages a large amount of unlabeled data to improve learning when the labeled data are limited. Despite empirical successes, its theoretical characterization remains elusive. To the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Shuai Zhang , Meng Wang , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Jinjun Xiong

Exploiting label correlations is important to multi-label classification. Previous methods capture the high-order label correlations mainly by transforming the label matrix to a latent label space with low-rank matrix factorization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Chongjie Si , Yuheng Jia , Ran Wang , Min-Ling Zhang , Yanghe Feng , Chongxiao Qu

In class-incremental learning, a learning agent faces a stream of data with the goal of learning new classes while not forgetting previous ones. Neural networks are known to suffer under this setting, as they forget previously acquired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Federico Pernici , Matteo Bruni , Claudio Baecchi , Francesco Turchini , Alberto Del Bimbo

We consider supervised learning with $n$ labels and show that layerwise SGD on residual networks can efficiently learn a class of hierarchical models. This model class assumes the existence of an (unknown) label hierarchy $L_1 \subseteq L_2…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Amit Daniely

We propose a novel method for hierarchical entity classification that embraces ontological structure at both training and during prediction. At training, our novel multi-level learning-to-rank loss compares positive types against negative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Tongfei Chen , Yunmo Chen , Benjamin Van Durme

The current deep neural network algorithm still stays in the end-to-end training supervision method like Image-Label pairs, which makes traditional algorithm is difficult to explain the reason for the results, and the prediction logic is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yishuang Tian , Ning Wang , Liang Zhang

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) has been studied for decades, from data collection, learning models, to post-processing and result interpretations. However, the inherent hierarchy in the activities remains relatively under-explored,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Jingwei Zuo , Hakim Hacid

In this work, we propose a novel supervised contrastive loss that enables the integration of taxonomic hierarchy information during the representation learning process. A supervised contrastive loss operates by enforcing that images with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Kiran Kokilepersaud , Yavuz Yarici , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been predominant for graph learning tasks; however, recent studies showed that a well-known graph algorithm, Label Propagation (LP), combined with a shallow neural network can achieve comparable performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Zhiqiang Zhong , Sergey Ivanov , Jun Pang

In this paper, we address the problem of multi-label classification. We consider linear classifiers and propose to learn a prior over the space of labels to directly leverage the performance of such methods. This prior takes the form of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-08 Rémi Lajugie , Piotr Bojanowski , Sylvain Arlot , Francis Bach

Similarity-based method gives rise to a new class of methods for multi-label learning and also achieves promising performance. In this paper, we generalize this method, resulting in a new framework for classification task. Specifically, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Zhongchen Ma , Songcan Chen