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Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering (KB-VQA) requires models to answer questions about an image by integrating external knowledge, posing significant challenges due to noisy retrieval and the structured, encyclopedic nature of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Shan Ning , Longtian Qiu , Xuming He

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation, exemplified by GitHub Copilot\footnote{A coding extension powered by a Code-LLM to assist in code completion tasks} surpassing a million users, highlights the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Ilyas Oulkadda , Julien Perez

Device-directed speech detection (DDSD) is a binary classification task that separates the user's queries to a voice assistant (VA) from background speech or side conversations. This is important for achieving naturalistic user experience.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks that require a compound understanding of knowledge. However, deployment of the LLMs in real-world applications can be challenging due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Minki Kang , Seanie Lee , Jinheon Baek , Kenji Kawaguchi , Sung Ju Hwang

Coupled with the availability of large scale datasets, deep learning architectures have enabled rapid progress on the Question Answering task. However, most of those datasets are in English, and the performances of state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Arij Riabi , Thomas Scialom , Rachel Keraron , Benoît Sagot , Djamé Seddah , Jacopo Staiano

The language ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is often unbalanced towards English because of the imbalance in the distribution of the pre-training data. This disparity is demanded in further fine-tuning and affecting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Leonardo Ranaldi , Giulia Pucci , Andre Freitas

We present XKD, a novel self-supervised framework to learn meaningful representations from unlabelled videos. XKD is trained with two pseudo objectives. First, masked data reconstruction is performed to learn modality-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Extractive Reading Comprehension (ERC) has made tremendous advances enabled by the availability of large-scale high-quality ERC training data. Despite of such rapid progress and widespread application, the datasets in languages other than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Gaochen Wu , Bin Xu , Yuxin Qin , Fei Kong , Bangchang Liu , Hongwen Zhao , Dejie Chang

Growing efforts to improve knowledge distillation (KD) in large language models (LLMs) replace dense teacher supervision with selective distillation, which uses a subset of token positions, vocabulary classes, or training samples for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Almog Tavor , Itay Ebenspanger , Neil Cnaan , Mor Geva

This work introduces a novel knowledge distillation framework for classification tasks where information on existing subclasses is available and taken into consideration. In classification tasks with a small number of classes or binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Ahmad Sajedi , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

To achieve equitable performance across languages, large language models (LLMs) must be able to abstract knowledge beyond the language in which it was learnt. However, the current literature lacks reliable ways to measure LLMs' capability…

Natural Language Processing systems are heavily dependent on the availability of annotated data to train practical models. Primarily, models are trained on English datasets. In recent times, significant advances have been made in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Ankit Kumar Upadhyay , Harsit Kumar Upadhya

Large pre-trained language models often struggle to incorporate new domain-specific terminology when fine-tuned on small, specialized corpora. In this work, we address the challenge of vocabulary expansion in frozen LLMs by introducing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Max Rehman Linder

Recent advancements in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) have significantly improved translation quality. However, the increasing size and complexity of state-of-the-art models present significant challenges for deployment on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xuewen Zhang , Haixiao Zhang , Xinlong Huang

Recent studies have focused on leveraging large-scale artificial intelligence (LAI) models to improve semantic representation and compression capabilities. However, the substantial computational demands of LAI models pose significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chuanhong Liu , Caili Guo , Yang Yang , Mingzhe Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek

Whisper is a multitask and multilingual speech model covering 99 languages. It yields commendable automatic speech recognition (ASR) results in a subset of its covered languages, but the model still underperforms on a non-negligible number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Thomas Palmeira Ferraz , Marcely Zanon Boito , Caroline Brun , Vassilina Nikoulina

Answer Sentence Selection (AS2) is an efficient approach for the design of open-domain Question Answering (QA) systems. In order to achieve low latency, traditional AS2 models score question-answer pairs individually, ignoring any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Rujun Han , Luca Soldaini , Alessandro Moschitti

Recent studies have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong mathematical reasoning abilities but rely on hundreds of billions of parameters. To tackle the challenge of poor reasoning in Small Language Models (SLMs),…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xinhe Li , Jiajun Liu , Peng Wang

Contrastive learning (CL) has become a ubiquitous approach for several natural language processing (NLP) downstream tasks, especially for question answering (QA). However, the major challenge, how to efficiently train the knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Wenshen Xu , Mieradilijiang Maimaiti , Yuanhang Zheng , Xin Tang , Ji Zhang

Data-Free Knowledge Distillation (DFKD) plays a vital role in compressing the model when original training data is unavailable. Previous works for DFKD in NLP mainly focus on distilling encoder-only structures like BERT on classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Zheyuan Bai , Xinduo Liu , Hailin Hu , Tianyu Guo , Qinghua Zhang , Yunhe Wang