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Lifelong learning requires models that can continuously learn from sequential streams of data without suffering catastrophic forgetting due to shifts in data distributions. Deep learning models have thrived in the non-sequential learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Nithin Holla , Pushkar Mishra , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova

Catastrophic forgetting is a problem caused by neural networks' inability to learn data in sequence. After learning two tasks in sequence, performance on the first one drops significantly. This is a serious disadvantage that prevents many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Wojciech Masarczyk , Ivona Tautkute

Catastrophic interference, also known as catastrophic forgetting, is a fundamental challenge in machine learning, where a trained learning model progressively loses performance on previously learned tasks when adapting to new ones. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yuke Li , Yujia Zheng , Tianyi Xiong , Zhenyi Wang , Heng Huang

The inability to filter out in advance all potentially problematic data from the pre-training of large language models has given rise to the need for methods for unlearning specific pieces of knowledge after training. Existing techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Seyun Bae , Seokhan Lee , Eunho Yang

Given the prevalence of large language models (LLMs) and the prohibitive cost of training these models from scratch, dynamically forgetting specific knowledge e.g., private or proprietary, without retraining the model has become an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Tyler Lizzo , Larry Heck

Modern Neural Machine Translation systems exhibit strong performance in several different languages and are constantly improving. Their ability to learn continuously is, however, still severely limited by the catastrophic forgetting issue.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Michele Resta , Davide Bacciu

Scarcity of data and incremental learning of new tasks pose two major bottlenecks for many modern computer vision algorithms. The phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting, i.e., the model's inability to classify previously learned data after…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Sanchar Palit , Biplab Banerjee , Subhasis Chaudhuri

Visual instruction tuning (VIT) enables multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to effectively handle a wide range of vision tasks by framing them as language-based instructions. Building on this, continual visual instruction tuning (CVIT)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Ziqi Wang , Chang Che , Qi Wang , Yangyang Li , Zenglin Shi , Meng Wang

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) trained on static, pre-collected, general datasets has sparked numerous research directions and applications. One such direction addresses the non-trivial challenge of integrating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haizhou Shi , Zihao Xu , Hengyi Wang , Weiyi Qin , Wenyuan Wang , Yibin Wang , Zifeng Wang , Sayna Ebrahimi , Hao Wang

Neural networks tend to gradually forget the previously learned knowledge when learning multiple tasks sequentially from dynamic data distributions. This problem is called \textit{catastrophic forgetting}, which is a fundamental challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Chenze Shao , Yang Feng

Continual learning (CL) is crucial for language models to dynamically adapt to the evolving real-world demands. To mitigate the catastrophic forgetting problem in CL, data replay has been proven a simple and effective strategy, and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jinghan He , Haiyun Guo , Kuan Zhu , Zihan Zhao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Lifelong learning (LL) aims to improve a predictive model as the data source evolves continuously. Most work in this learning paradigm has focused on resolving the problem of 'catastrophic forgetting,' which refers to a notorious dilemma…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Jinghan Jia , Yihua Zhang , Dogyoon Song , Sijia Liu , Alfred Hero

Efficient continual learning techniques have been a topic of significant research over the last few years. A fundamental problem with such learning is severe degradation of performance on previously learned tasks, known also as catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Tammuz Dubnov , Vishal Thengane

The great majority of languages in the world are considered under-resourced for the successful application of deep learning methods. In this work, we propose a meta-learning approach to document classification in limited-resource setting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Niels van der Heijden , Helen Yannakoudakis , Pushkar Mishra , Ekaterina Shutova

The continual learning (CL) ability is vital for deploying large language models (LLMs) in the dynamic world. Existing methods devise the learning module to acquire task-specific knowledge with parameter-efficient tuning (PET) block and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Weixiang Zhao , Shilong Wang , Yulin Hu , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Xuanyu Zhang , Qing Yang , Dongliang Xu , Wanxiang Che

Catastrophic forgetting remains a central challenge in continual learning, where models are required to integrate new knowledge over time without losing what they have previously learned. In prior work, we introduced Cobweb/4V, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Nicki Barari , Edward Kim , Christopher MacLellan

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) reveal a perplexing phenomenon in continual learning: despite extensive training, models experience significant performance declines, raising questions about task alignment and underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Junhao Zheng , Xidi Cai , Shengjie Qiu , Qianli Ma

Catastrophic forgetting and capacity saturation are the central challenges of any parametric lifelong learning system. In this work, we study these challenges in the context of sequential supervised learning with an emphasis on recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

Continual learning (CL) refers to the ability to continually learn over time by accommodating new knowledge while retaining previously learned experience. While this concept is inherent in human learning, current machine learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Anna Vettoruzzo , Joaquin Vanschoren , Mohamed-Rafik Bouguelia , Thorsteinn Rögnvaldsson

Continual Learning (CL) algorithms incrementally learn a predictor or representation across multiple sequentially observed tasks. Designing CL algorithms that perform reliably and avoid so-called catastrophic forgetting has proven a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Jeremias Knoblauch , Hisham Husain , Tom Diethe