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Detecting deepfakes involving face-swaps presents a significant challenge, particularly in real-world scenarios where anyone can perform face-swapping with freely available tools and apps without any technical knowledge. Existing deepfake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Sudev Kumar Padhi , Harshit Kumar , Umesh Kashyap , Sk. Subidh Ali

Gaze estimation methods learn eye gaze from facial features. However, among rich information in the facial image, real gaze-relevant features only correspond to subtle changes in eye region, while other gaze-irrelevant features like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Yihua Cheng , Yiwei Bao , Feng Lu

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly increased the performance of face recognition systems. The performance and reliability of these models depend heavily on the amount and quality of the training data. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Adam Kortylewski , Andreas Schneider , Thomas Gerig , Bernhard Egger , Andreas Morel-Forster , Thomas Vetter

Almost all advanced face swapping approaches use reconstruction as the proxy task, i.e., supervision only exists when the target and source belong to the same person. Otherwise, lacking pixel-level supervision, these methods struggle for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Ge Yuan , Maomao Li , Yong Zhang , Huicheng Zheng

Deepfake defense not only requires the research of detection but also requires the efforts of generation methods. However, current deepfake methods suffer the effects of obscure workflow and poor performance. To solve this problem, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Ivan Perov , Daiheng Gao , Nikolay Chervoniy , Kunlin Liu , Sugasa Marangonda , Chris Umé , Dpfks , Carl Shift Facenheim , Luis RP , Jian Jiang , Sheng Zhang , Pingyu Wu , Bo Zhou , Weiming Zhang

Face swapping aims to generate swapped images that fuse the identity of source faces and the attributes of target faces. Most existing works address this challenging task through 3D modelling or generation using generative adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Kaiwen Cui , Rongliang Wu , Fangneng Zhan , Shijian Lu

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) and face forgery detection play vital roles in securing face biometric systems from presentation attacks (PAs) and vicious digital manipulation (e.g., deepfakes). Despite promising performance upon large-scale data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zitong Yu , Rizhao Cai , Zhi Li , Wenhan Yang , Jingang Shi , Alex C. Kot

The free access to large-scale public databases, together with the fast progress of deep learning techniques, in particular Generative Adversarial Networks, have led to the generation of very realistic fake content with its corresponding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez , Julian Fierrez , Aythami Morales , Javier Ortega-Garcia

Plastic surgery and disguise variations are two of the most challenging co-variates of face recognition. The state-of-art deep learning models are not sufficiently successful due to the availability of limited training samples. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Saksham Suri , Anush Sankaran , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

Non-invasive gaze estimation methods usually regress gaze directions directly from a single face or eye image. However, due to important variabilities in eye shapes and inner eye structures amongst individuals, universal models obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Gang Liu , Yu Yu , Kenneth A. Funes Mora , Jean-Marc Odobez

Appearance-based gaze estimation methods that only require an off-the-shelf camera have significantly improved but they are still not yet widely used in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. This is partly because it remains…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Xucong Zhang , Yusuke Sugano , Andreas Bulling

Most of previous deepfake detection researches bent their efforts to describe and discriminate artifacts in human perceptible ways, which leave a bias in the learned networks of ignoring some critical invariance features intra-class and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Ruiqi Zha , Zhichao Lian , Qianmu Li , Siqi Gu

We propose an efficient framework, called Simple Swap (SimSwap), aiming for generalized and high fidelity face swapping. In contrast to previous approaches that either lack the ability to generalize to arbitrary identity or fail to preserve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Renwang Chen , Xuanhong Chen , Bingbing Ni , Yanhao Ge

Inter-personal anatomical differences limit the accuracy of person-independent gaze estimation networks. Yet there is a need to lower gaze errors further to enable applications requiring higher quality. Further gains can be achieved by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Seonwook Park , Shalini De Mello , Pavlo Molchanov , Umar Iqbal , Otmar Hilliges , Jan Kautz

Deepfake technologies have rapidly advanced with modern generative AI, and face swapping in particular poses serious threats to privacy and digital security. Existing proactive defenses mostly rely on pixel-level perturbations, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Junyan Luo , Peipeng Yu , Jianwei Fei , Shiya Zeng , Xiaoyu Zhou , Zhihua Xia , Xiang Liu

It is becoming increasingly easy to automatically replace a face of one person in a video with the face of another person by using a pre-trained generative adversarial network (GAN). Recent public scandals, e.g., the faces of celebrities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Pavel Korshunov , Sebastien Marcel

Despite recent advances in appearance-based gaze estimation techniques, the need for training data that covers the target head pose and gaze distribution remains a crucial challenge for practical deployment. This work examines a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Jiawei Qin , Takuru Shimoyama , Yusuke Sugano

The increasing realism and accessibility of deepfakes have raised critical concerns about media authenticity and information integrity. Despite recent advances, deepfake detection models often struggle to generalize beyond their training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Stelios Mylonas , Symeon Papadopoulos

Eye gaze is an important non-verbal cue for human affect analysis. Recent gaze estimation work indicated that information from the full face region can benefit performance. Pushing this idea further, we propose an appearance-based method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Xucong Zhang , Yusuke Sugano , Mario Fritz , Andreas Bulling

Developing gaze estimation models that generalize well to unseen domains and in-the-wild conditions remains a challenge with no known best solution. This is mostly due to the difficulty of acquiring ground truth data that cover the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Evangelos Ververas , Polydefkis Gkagkos , Jiankang Deng , Michail Christos Doukas , Jia Guo , Stefanos Zafeiriou