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Predicting interfacial thermodynamics across molecular and continuum scales remains a central challenge in computational science. Classical density functional theory (cDFT) provides a first-principles route to connect microscopic…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Edoardo Monti , Peter Yatsyshin , Konstantinos Gkagkas , Andrew B. Duncan

One of the central problems in quantum mechanics is to determine the ground state properties of a system of electrons interacting via the Coulomb potential. Since its introduction by Hohenberg, Kohn, and Sham, Density Functional Theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-28 Norbert Schuch , Frank Verstraete

We train a neural network as the universal exchange-correlation functional of density-functional theory that simultaneously reproduces both the exact exchange-correlation energy and potential. This functional is extremely non-local, but…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-10-10 Jonathan Schmidt , Carlos L. Benavides-Riveros , Miguel A. L. Marques

Density functional theory (DFT) is an essential building block for modern theoretical physics, chemistry, and engineering, especially those concerning electronic properties. Through decades of development, various program packages for…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-11-21 Yusuke Nomura , Ryosuke Akashi

Density functional theory (DFT) became a universal approach to compute ground-state and excited configurations of many-electron systems held together by an external one-body potential in condensed-matter, atomic, and molecular physics. At…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-09-30 J. Dobaczewski

This chapter presents controlled approximations of Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) that enable very large scale simulations. The work is motivated by the study of defects in crystalline solids, though the ideas can be used in…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-14 Kaushik Bhattacharya , Vikram Gavini , Michael Ortiz , Mauricio Ponga , Phanish Suryanarayana

Kohn-Sham density functional theory is the base of modern computational approaches to electronic structures. Their accuracy vitally relies on the exchange-correlation energy functional, which encapsulates electron-electron interaction…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Ryo Nagai , Ryosuke Akashi , Osamu Sugino

Classical density functional theory (DFT) is a statistical mechanical theory for calculating the density profiles of the molecules in a liquid. It is widely used, for example. to calculate the density distribution of the molecules in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-08 Adam P. Hughes , Uwe Thiele , Andrew J. Archer

Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory (KS-DFT) provides the exact ground state energy and electron density of a molecule, contingent on the as-yet-unknown universal exchange-correlation (XC) functional. Recent research has demonstrated that…

Density functional theory (DFT) has emerged as one of the most versatile and lucrative approaches in electronic structure calculations of many-electron systems in past four decades. Here we give an account of the development of a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-04-19 Abhisek Ghosal , Amlan K. Roy

To understand sparse systems we must account for both strong local atom bonds and weak nonlocal van der Waals forces between atoms separated by empty space. A fully nonlocal functional form [H. Rydberg, B.I. Lundqvist, D.C. Langreth, and M.…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 H. Rydberg , M. Dion , N. Jacobson , E. Schroder , P. Hyldgaard , S. I. Simak , D. C. Langreth , B. I. Lundqvist

We present a numerical modeling workflow based on machine learning (ML) which reproduces the the total energies produced by Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) at finite electronic temperature to within chemical accuracy at negligible…

Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a robust framework for modeling interacting many-body systems, including the equation of state (EoS) of dense matter. Many models, however, rely on energy functionals based on assumptions that have not…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-06-06 Udita Shukla , Pok Man Lo

With the growth of computational resources, the scope of electronic structure simulations has increased greatly. Artificial intelligence and robust data analysis hold the promise to accelerate large-scale simulations and their analysis to…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-07-27 Lenz Fiedler , Karan Shah , Michael Bussmann , Attila Cangi

Spin-density-functional theory (SDFT) is the most widely implemented and applied formulation of density-functional theory. However, it is still finding novel applications, and occasionally encounters unexpected problems. In this paper we…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-25 K. Capelle , Valter L. Libero

We study both static and transport properties of model quantum dots, employing density functional theory as well as (numerically) exact methods. For the lattice model under consideration the accuracy of the local-density approximation…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-04-11 S. Schenk , P. Schwab , M. Dzierzawa , U. Eckern

Density Functional Theory (DFT) is one of the most widely used methods for "ab initio" calculations of the structure of atoms, molecules, crystals, surfaces, and their interactions. Unfortunately, the customary introduction to DFT is often…

Physics Education · Physics 2010-12-07 Nathan Argaman , Guy Makov

Density Functional Theory (DFT) is widely used for first-principles simulations in chemistry and materials science, but its computational cost remains a key limitation for large systems. Motivated by recent advances in ML-based…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-02-19 Rakshit Kumar Singh , Aryan Amit Barsainyan , Bharath Ramsundar

Materials engineering using atomistic modeling is an essential tool for the development of qubits and quantum sensors. Traditional density-functional theory (DFT) does however not adequately capture the complete physics involved, including…

The non-equilibrium Green's function method combined with density functional theory (NEGF-DFT) provides a rigorous framework for simulating nanoscale electronic transport, but its computational cost scales steeply with system size. Recent…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Zili Tang , Xiaoxin Xie , Guanwen Yao , Ligong Zhang , Xiaoyan Liu , Xing Zhang , Liu Fei