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Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have gained popularity for their strong open vocabulary classification performance, but they are prone to assigning high confidence scores to misclassifications, limiting their reliability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhenxiang Lin , Maryam Haghighat , Will Browne , Dimity Miller

The accurate prediction of precipitation is important to allow for reliable warnings of flood or drought risk in a changing climate. However, to make trust-worthy predictions of precipitation, at a local scale, is one of the most difficult…

Computation · Statistics 2021-02-26 Sherman Lo , Peter Watson , Peter Dueben , Ritabrata Dutta

The CAMS air quality multi-model forecasts have been assessed and calibrated for PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2, and CO against observations collected by the Regional Monitoring Network of the Liguria region (northwestern Italy) in the years 2019 and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-07-27 Gabriele Casciaro , Mattia Cavaiola , Andrea Mazzino

Class probabilities predicted by most multiclass classifiers are uncalibrated, often tending towards over-confidence. With neural networks, calibration can be improved by temperature scaling, a method to learn a single corrective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Meelis Kull , Miquel Perello-Nieto , Markus Kängsepp , Telmo Silva Filho , Hao Song , Peter Flach

The space weather community has begun to use frontier methods such as data assimilation, machine learning, and ensemble modeling to advance current operational forecasting efforts. This was highlighted by a multi-disciplinary session at the…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-11-22 Sophie A. Murray

An important task in visualization is the extraction and highlighting of dominant features in data to support users in their analysis process. Topological methods are a well-known means of identifying such features in deterministic fields.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Dominik Vietinghoff , Michael Böttinger , Gerik Scheuermann , Christian Heine

Autonomous robots that rely on deep neural network controllers pose critical challenges for safety prediction, especially under partial observability and distribution shift. Traditional model-based verification techniques are limited in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhenjiang Mao , Mrinall Eashaan Umasudhan , Ivan Ruchkin

Ensemble forecasting has proven over the years to be a vital tool for predicting extreme or only partially predictable weather events. In particular life-threatening weather events. Many National Meteorological Services in East Africa do…

Machine Learning for aviation weather is a growing area of research for providing low-cost alternatives for traditional, expensive weather sensors; however, in the area of atmospheric visibility estimation, publicly available datasets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Chad Mourning , Zhewei Wang , Justin Murray

Improvement of time series forecasting accuracy through combining multiple models is an important as well as a dynamic area of research. As a result, various forecasts combination methods have been developed in literature. However, most of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Ratnadip Adhikari , R. K. Agrawal

Multi-class classification methods that produce sets of probabilistic classifiers, such as ensemble learning methods, are able to model aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty. Aleatoric uncertainty is then typically quantified via the Bayes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-20 Thomas Mortier , Viktor Bengs , Eyke Hüllermeier , Stijn Luca , Willem Waegeman

Satellite images have become increasingly valuable for modelling regional climate change effects. Earth surface forecasting represents one such task that integrates satellite images with meteorological data to capture the joint evolution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Tushar Verma , Sudipan Saha

We compare probabilistic predictions of extreme temperature anomalies issued by two different forecast schemes. One is a dynamical physical weather model, the other a simple data model. We recall the concept of skill scores in order to…

Applications · Statistics 2013-12-17 Stefan Siegert , Jochen Broecker , Holger Kantz

We show that probabilistic weather forecasts of site specific temperatures can be dramatically improved by using seasonally varying rather than constant calibration parameters.

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen Jewson

Forecasting future weather and climate is inherently difficult. Machine learning offers new approaches to increase the accuracy and computational efficiency of forecasts, but current methods are unable to accurately model uncertainty in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Yusuke Hatanaka , Yannik Glaser , Geoff Galgon , Giuseppe Torri , Peter Sadowski

Motion forecasting has become an increasingly critical component of autonomous robotic systems. Onboard compute budgets typically limit the accuracy of real-time systems. In this work we propose methods of improving motion forecasting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Scott Ettinger , Kratarth Goel , Avikalp Srivastava , Rami Al-Rfou

Nowadays, with the unprecedented penetration of renewable distributed energy resources (DERs), the necessity of an efficient energy forecasting model is more demanding than before. Generally, forecasting models are trained using observed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-18 Hossein Sangrody , Morteza Sarailoo , Ning Zhou , Ahmad Shokrollahi , Elham Foruzan

Projecting climate change is a generalization problem: we extrapolate the recent past using physical models across past, present, and future climates. Current climate models require representations of processes that occur at scales smaller…

Short-term (0-24 hours) precipitation forecasting is highly valuable to socioeconomic activities and public safety. However, the highly complex evolution patterns of precipitation events, the extreme imbalance between precipitation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shuangliang Li , Siwei Li , Li Li , Weijie Zou , Jie Yang , Maolin Zhang

An exponential growth in computing power, which has brought more sophisticated and higher resolution simulations of the climate system, and an exponential increase in observations since the first weather satellite was put in orbit, are…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Annalisa Bracco , Julien Brajard , Henk A. Dijkstra , Pedram Hassanzadeh , Christian Lessig , Claire Monteleoni