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Previous language model pre-training methods have uniformly applied a next-token prediction loss to all training tokens. Challenging this norm, we posit that "9l training". Our initial analysis examines token-level training dynamics of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Zhenghao Lin , Zhibin Gou , Yeyun Gong , Xiao Liu , Yelong Shen , Ruochen Xu , Chen Lin , Yujiu Yang , Jian Jiao , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

This paper studies compressing pre-trained language models, like BERT (Devlin et al.,2019), via teacher-student knowledge distillation. Previous works usually force the student model to strictly mimic the smoothed labels predicted by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Xing Wu , Yibing Liu , Xiangyang Zhou , Dianhai Yu

We introduce MARGE, a pre-trained sequence-to-sequence model learned with an unsupervised multi-lingual multi-document paraphrasing objective. MARGE provides an alternative to the dominant masked language modeling paradigm, where we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Mike Lewis , Marjan Ghazvininejad , Gargi Ghosh , Armen Aghajanyan , Sida Wang , Luke Zettlemoyer

Active learning strives to reduce annotation costs by choosing the most critical examples to label. Typically, the active learning strategy is contingent on the classification model. For instance, uncertainty sampling depends on poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Michelle Yuan , Hsuan-Tien Lin , Jordan Boyd-Graber

In this work, we are dedicated to leveraging the BERT pre-training success and modeling the domain-specific statistics to fertilize the sign language recognition~(SLR) model. Considering the dominance of hand and body in sign language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Weichao Zhao , Hezhen Hu , Wengang Zhou , Jiaxin Shi , Houqiang Li

We introduce a self-supervised speech pre-training method called TERA, which stands for Transformer Encoder Representations from Alteration. Recent approaches often learn by using a single auxiliary task like contrastive prediction,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-05 Andy T. Liu , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

In the recent trend of semi-supervised speech recognition, both self-supervised representation learning and pseudo-labeling have shown promising results. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to combine their ideas for end-to-end…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-11 Shaoshi Ling , Chen Shen , Meng Cai , Zejun Ma

Masked image modeling (MIM) has become a leading self-supervised learning strategy. MIMs such as Masked Autoencoder (MAE) learn strong representations by randomly masking input tokens for the encoder to process, with the decoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Taekyung Kim , Sanghyuk Chun , Byeongho Heo , Dongyoon Han

We tackle the task of Term Set Expansion (TSE): given a small seed set of example terms from a semantic class, finding more members of that class. The task is of great practical utility, and also of theoretical utility as it requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Guy Kushilevitz , Shaul Markovitch , Yoav Goldberg

This technical report briefly describes our JDExplore d-team's Vega v2 submission on the SuperGLUE leaderboard. SuperGLUE is more challenging than the widely used general language understanding evaluation (GLUE) benchmark, containing eight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Yibing Zhan , Yu Qiao , Yonggang Wen , Li Shen , Juhua Liu , Baosheng Yu , Bo Du , Yixin Chen , Xinbo Gao , Chunyan Miao , Xiaoou Tang , Dacheng Tao

This thesis focuses on improving the pre-training of natural language models using unsupervised raw data to make them more efficient and aligned with downstream applications. In the first part, we introduce three alternative pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Luca Di Liello

Since the introduction of Masked Autoencoders, various improvements to masking techniques have been explored. In this paper, we rethink masking strategies for audio representation learning using masked prediction-based self-supervised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Daisuke Niizumi , Daiki Takeuchi , Masahiro Yasuda , Binh Thien Nguyen , Noboru Harada , Nobutaka Ono

Pre-trained multilingual language models such as mBERT have shown immense gains for several natural language processing (NLP) tasks, especially in the zero-shot cross-lingual setting. Most, if not all, of these pre-trained models rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Aditi Chaudhary , Karthik Raman , Krishna Srinivasan , Jiecao Chen

Masked Autoencoding (MAE) has emerged as an effective approach for pre-training representations across multiple domains. In contrast to discrete tokens in natural languages, the input for image MAE is continuous and subject to additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Ronghang Hu , Shoubhik Debnath , Saining Xie , Xinlei Chen

As the deep learning revolution marches on, self-supervised learning has garnered increasing attention in recent years thanks to its remarkable representation learning ability and the low dependence on labeled data. Among these varied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Siyuan Li , Luyuan Zhang , Zedong Wang , Di Wu , Lirong Wu , Zicheng Liu , Jun Xia , Cheng Tan , Yang Liu , Baigui Sun , Stan Z. Li

Mask-based pretraining has become a cornerstone of modern large-scale models across language, vision, and recently biology. Despite its empirical success, its role and limits in learning data representations have been unclear. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Mingze Dong , Leda Wang , Yuval Kluger

Existing Large Language Models (LLMs) generate text through unidirectional autoregressive decoding methods to respond to various user queries. These methods tend to consider token selection in a simple sequential manner, making it easy to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ziqin Luo , Haixia Han , Haokun Zhao , Guochao Jiang , Chengyu Du , Tingyun Li , Jiaqing Liang , Deqing Yang , Yanghua Xiao

Performance in Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) on a single language has increased greatly in the last few years thanks to the use of deep learning techniques. However, cross-lingual SER remains a challenge in real-world applications due to…

In a noisy environment, a lossy speech signal can be automatically restored by a listener if he/she knows the language well. That is, with the built-in knowledge of a "language model", a listener may effectively suppress noise interference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Chien-Feng Liao , Yu Tsao , Xugang Lu , Hisashi Kawai

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong potential in language modeling, offering various advantages over traditional autoregressive approaches. Their ability to generate and revise entire responses in parallel enables faster generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Michael Hersche , Samuel Moor-Smith , Thomas Hofmann , Abbas Rahimi