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In this work, we present a novel iterative deep Ritz method (IDRM) for solving a general class of elliptic problems. It is inspired by the iterative procedure for minimizing the loss during the training of the neural network, but at each…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Tianhao Hu , Bangti Jin , Fengru Wang

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are mesh-free approaches for the numerical approximation of partial differential equations, where a neural network is trained by minimizing a loss function derived from the governing equations and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Medard Govoeyi , Thomas Richter

Consider the elastic scattering of an incident wave by a rigid obstacle in three dimensions, which is formulated as an exterior problem for the Navier equation. By constructing a Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) operator and introducing a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-18 Gang Bao , Peijun Li , Xiaokai Yuan

Consider the scattering of an elastic plane wave by a rigid obstacle, which is immersed in a homogeneous and isotropic elastic medium in two dimensions. Based on a Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) operator, an exact transparent boundary condition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-11 Peijun Li , Xiaokai Yuan

We present a numerical approximation method for linear diffusion-reaction problems with possibly discontinuous Dirichlet boundary conditions. The solution of such problems can be represented as a linear combination of explicitly known…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-07-05 Ramona Baumann , Thomas P. Wihler

We examine the challenges associated with numerical integration when applying Neural Networks to solve Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). We specifically investigate the Deep Ritz Method (DRM), chosen for its practical applicability and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-09 Jamie M. Taylor , David Pardo

We use a diffuse interface method for solving Poisson's equation with a Dirichlet condition on an embedded curved interface. The resulting diffuse interface problem is identified as a standard Dirichlet problem on approximating regular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-11-23 Matthias Schlottbom

This paper studies the shallow Ritz method for solving the one-dimensional diffusion problem. It is shown that the shallow Ritz method improves the order of approximation dramatically for non-smooth problems. To realize this optimal or…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Zhiqiang Cai , Anastassia Doktorova , Robert D. Falgout , César Herrera

In this work, we develop an efficient solver based on neural networks for second-order elliptic equations with variable coefficients and singular sources. This class of problems covers general point sources, line sources and the combination…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Tianhao Hu , Bangti Jin , Zhi Zhou

Neural network approaches have been demonstrated to work quite well to solve partial differential equations in practice. In this context approaches like physics-informed neural networks and the Deep Ritz method have become popular. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Andreas Langer , Sara Behnamian

We analyze neural network solutions to partial differential equations obtained with Physics Informed Neural Networks. In particular, we apply tools of classical finite element error analysis to obtain conclusions about the error of the Deep…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-24 Piotr Minakowski , Thomas Richter

We compare different training strategies for the Deep Ritz Method for elliptic equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions and highlight the problems arising from the boundary values. We distinguish between an exact resolution of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Luca Courte , Marius Zeinhofer

By integrating physics-informed neural network (PINN) techniques with domain decomposition method, a deep domain decomposition method is presented for solving elliptic variational inequality problems. Based on the Ritz variation method, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Yiyang Wang , Qijia Zhou , Shengyuan Deng , Chenliang Li

We derive a priori error estimates for Nitsche's method applied to elliptic problems on approximate domains. Such approximations arise, for example, in unfitted finite element methods, data-driven simulations, and evolving domain problems,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Mats G. Larson , Karl Larsson , Shantiram Mahata

Deep neural network approaches show promise in solving partial differential equations. However, unlike traditional numerical methods, they face challenges in enforcing essential boundary conditions. The widely adopted penalty-type methods,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Haijun Yu , Shuo Zhang

This work considers stochastic Galerkin approximations of linear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) with stochastic forcing terms and stochastic diffusion coefficients, that cannot be bounded uniformly away from zero and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Fabio Musco , Andrea Barth

This work proposes an $r$-adaptive finite element method (FEM) using neural networks (NNs). The method employs the Ritz energy functional as the loss function, currently limiting its applicability to symmetric and coercive problems, such as…

Tight estimation of the Lipschitz constant for deep neural networks (DNNs) is useful in many applications ranging from robustness certification of classifiers to stability analysis of closed-loop systems with reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Mahyar Fazlyab , Alexander Robey , Hamed Hassani , Manfred Morari , George J. Pappas

Consider a time-harmonic acoustic plane wave incident onto an elastic body with an unbounded periodic surface. The medium above the surface is supposed to be filled with a homogeneous compressible inviscid air/fluid of constant mass…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Lei Lin , Junliang Lv

Recent years have witnessed growing interests in solving partial differential equations by deep neural networks, especially in the high-dimensional case. Unlike classical numerical methods, such as finite difference method and finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Jingrun Chen , Rui Du , Keke Wu