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The generalization capability of machine learning models, which refers to generalizing the knowledge for an "unseen" domain via learning from one or multiple seen domain(s), is of great importance to develop and deploy machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Keyu Chen , Di Zhuang , J. Morris Chang

Data augmentation is one of the most effective techniques for regularizing deep learning models and improving their recognition performance in a variety of tasks and domains. However, this holds for standard in-domain settings, in which the…

When evaluating the performance of a pre-trained model transferred to a downstream task, it is imperative to assess not only the in-distribution (ID) accuracy of the downstream model but also its capacity to generalize and identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Andrew Geng , Pin-Yu Chen

Most approaches to out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization learn domain-invariant representations by discarding contextual bias. In this paper, we raise a critical question: Should bias be eliminated? If not, is there a general way to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yan Li , Yunlong Deng , Zijian Li , Anpeng Wu , Zeyu Tang , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

An important step for limiting the negative impact of natural disasters is rapid damage assessment after a disaster occurred. For instance, building damage detection can be automated by applying computer vision techniques to satellite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Vitus Benson , Alexander Ecker

In the real world, a learning system could receive an input that is unlike anything it has seen during training. Unfortunately, out-of-distribution samples can lead to unpredictable behaviour. We need to know whether any given input belongs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Alireza Shafaei , Mark Schmidt , James J. Little

Person Re-identification (Re-ID) is a crucial technique for public security and has made significant progress in supervised settings. However, the cross-domain (i.e., domain generalization) scene presents a challenge in Re-ID tasks due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Lei Qi , Ziang Liu , Yinghuan Shi , Xin Geng

Developing and deploying machine learning models safely depends on the ability to characterize and compare their abilities to generalize to new environments. Although recent work has proposed a variety of methods that can directly predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Nathan Ng , Neha Hulkund , Kyunghyun Cho , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization poses a serious challenge for modern deep learning (DL). OOD data consists of test data that is significantly different from the model's training data. DL models that perform well on in-domain test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Skylar E. Stolte , Kyle Volle , Aprinda Indahlastari , Alejandro Albizu , Adam J. Woods , Kevin Brink , Matthew Hale , Ruogu Fang

Deep neural networks are increasingly used in a wide range of technologies and services, but remain highly susceptible to out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, that is, drawn from a different distribution than the original training set. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Pietro Recalcati , Fabio Garcea , Luca Piano , Fabrizio Lamberti , Lia Morra

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for safety-sensitive machine learning applications and has been extensively studied, yielding a plethora of methods developed in the literature. However, most studies for OOD detection did not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Understanding generalization is crucial to confidently engineer and deploy machine learning models, especially when deployment implies a shift in the data domain. For such domain adaptation problems, we seek generalization bounds which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Adam Breitholtz , Fredrik D. Johansson

Current quantization-aware training (QAT) methods primarily focus on enhancing the performance of quantized models on in-distribution (I.D) data, while overlooking the potential performance degradation on out-of-distribution (OOD) data. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiacheng Jiang , Yuan Meng , Chen Tang , Han Yu , Qun Li , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Algorithms for learning programmatic representations for sequential decision-making problems are often evaluated on out-of-distribution (OOD) problems, with the common conclusion that programmatic policies generalize better than neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Amirhossein Rajabpour , Kiarash Aghakasiri , Sandra Zilles , Levi H. S. Lelis

Achieving domain generalization in medical imaging poses a significant challenge, primarily due to the limited availability of publicly labeled datasets in this domain. This limitation arises from concerns related to data privacy and the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Ahmed Radwan , Islam Osman , Mohamed S. Shehata

Deep neural networks (DNNs) play a crucial role in the field of machine learning, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance across various application domains. However, despite their success, DNN-based models may occasionally exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Guy Amir , Osher Maayan , Tom Zelazny , Guy Katz , Michael Schapira

Real-world machine learning applications often face simultaneous covariate and semantic shifts, challenging traditional domain generalization and out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods. We introduce Meta-learned Across Domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Feng Chen

One of the main drawbacks of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) is that they lack generalization capability. In this work, we focus on the problem of heterogeneous domain generalization which aims to improve the generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Yufei Wang , Haoliang Li , Alex C. Kot

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization is a complicated problem due to the idiosyncrasies of possible distribution shifts between training and test domains. Most benchmarks employ diverse datasets to address this issue; however, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Kaican Li , Yifan Zhang , Lanqing Hong , Zhenguo Li , Nevin L. Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) suffer from domain shift when the test dataset follows a distribution different from the training dataset. Domain generalization aims to tackle this issue by learning a model that can generalize to unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Yu Ding , Lei Wang , Bin Liang , Shuming Liang , Yang Wang , Fang Chen