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This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the code generation capabilities of ChatGPT, a prominent large language model, compared to human programmers. A novel dataset of 131 code-generation prompts across 5 categories was curated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Muhammad Fawad Akbar Khan , Max Ramsdell , Erik Falor , Hamid Karimi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications that demand complex reasoning. To track progress, robust benchmarks are required to evaluate their capabilities beyond superficial pattern recognition.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wenye Lin , Jonathan Roberts , Yunhan Yang , Samuel Albanie , Zongqing Lu , Kai Han

Automatically generating novel and interesting games is a complex task. Challenges include representing game rules in a computationally workable form, searching through the large space of potential games under most such representations, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Graham Todd , Alexander Padula , Matthew Stephenson , Éric Piette , Dennis J. N. J. Soemers , Julian Togelius

Recent advancements in reasoning-based Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly their potential through test-time scaling, have created significant opportunities for distillation in code generation and critique. However, progress in both…

Code large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in programming tasks, yet current benchmarks primarily focus on single modality rather than visual game development. Most existing code-related benchmarks evaluate syntax…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Wei Zhang , Jack Yang , Renshuai Tao , Lingzheng Chai , Shawn Guo , Jiajun Wu , Xiaoming Chen , Ganqu Cui , Ning Ding , Xander Xu , Hu Wei , Bowen Zhou

In recent years, trends towards studying simulated games have gained momentum in the fields of artificial intelligence, cognitive science, psychology, and neuroscience. The intersections of these fields have also grown recently, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Nicholas Watters , Joshua Tenenbaum , Mehrdad Jazayeri

To solve a text-based game, an agent needs to formulate valid text commands for a given context and find the ones that lead to success. Recent attempts at solving text-based games with deep reinforcement learning have focused on the latter,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Ruo Yu Tao , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Xingdi Yuan , Layla El Asri

Eleven Large Language Models (LLMs) were assessed using a custom-made battery of false-belief tasks, considered a gold standard in testing Theory of Mind (ToM) in humans. The battery included 640 prompts spread across 40 diverse tasks, each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Michal Kosinski

Implementing board games in code can be a time-consuming task. However, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proven effective at generating code for domain-specific tasks with simple contextual information. We aim to investigate whether…

Code reasoning tasks are becoming prevalent in large language model (LLM) assessments. Yet, there is a dearth of studies on the impact of real-world complexities on code reasoning, e.g., inter- or intra-procedural dependencies, API calls,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Changshu Liu , Alireza Ghazanfari , Yang Chen , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven their worth across a diverse spectrum of disciplines. LLMs have shown great potential in Procedural Content Generation (PCG) as well, but directly generating a level through a pre-trained LLM is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Muhammad U. Nasir , Steven James , Julian Togelius

We address the general task of structured commonsense reasoning: given a natural language input, the goal is to generate a graph such as an event -- or a reasoning-graph. To employ large language models (LMs) for this task, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Aman Madaan , Shuyan Zhou , Uri Alon , Yiming Yang , Graham Neubig

The rapid evolution of software libraries poses a considerable hurdle for code generation, necessitating continuous adaptation to frequent version updates while preserving backward compatibility. While existing code evolution benchmarks…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated unparalleled prowess in mimicking human-like text generation and processing. Among the myriad of applications that benefit from LLMs, automated code generation is increasingly promising. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Lincoln Murr , Morgan Grainger , David Gao

New chat AI applications like ChatGPT offer an advanced understanding of question context and memory across multi-step tasks, such that experiments can test its deductive reasoning. This paper proposes a multi-role and multi-step challenge,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-05 David Noever , Forrest McKee

Testing is an integral part of the software development process. Yet, writing tests is time-consuming and therefore often neglected. Classical test generation tools such as EvoSuite generate behavioral test suites by optimizing for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Nikitha Rao , Kush Jain , Uri Alon , Claire Le Goues , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

We present Word2Minecraft, a system that leverages large language models to generate playable game levels in Minecraft based on structured stories. The system transforms narrative elements-such as protagonist goals, antagonist challenges,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Shuo Huang , Muhammad Umair Nasir , Steven James , Julian Togelius

This paper introduces a system used to generate game feature suggestions based on a text prompt. Trained on the game descriptions of almost 60k games, it uses the word embeddings of a small GLoVe model to extract features and entities found…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-29 M Charity , Yash Bhartia , Daniel Zhang , Ahmed Khalifa , Julian Togelius

We introduce StorySim, a programmable framework for synthetically generating stories to evaluate the theory of mind (ToM) and world modeling (WM) capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Unlike prior benchmarks that may suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Nathaniel Getachew , Abulhair Saparov

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language and code generation, and are increasingly deployed as automatic judges of model outputs and learning activities. Yet, their behavior on structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 H. M. Shadman Tabib , Jaber Ahmed Deedar