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For locomotion, is an arm on a legged robot a liability or an asset for locomotion? Biological systems evolved additional limbs beyond legs that facilitates postural control. This work shows how a manipulator can be an asset for legged…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Huang Huang , Antonio Loquercio , Ashish Kumar , Neerja Thakkar , Ken Goldberg , Jitendra Malik

High-speed legged navigation in discrete and geometrically complex environments is a challenging task because of the high-degree-of-freedom dynamics and long-horizon, nonconvex nature of the optimization problem. In this work, we propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Hyeongjun Kim , Hyunsik Oh , Jeongsoo Park , Yunho Kim , Donghoon Youm , Moonkyu Jung , Minho Lee , Jemin Hwangbo

Legged robots navigating cluttered environments must be jointly agile for efficient task execution and safe to avoid collisions with obstacles or humans. Existing studies either develop conservative controllers (< 1.0 m/s) to ensure safety,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Tairan He , Chong Zhang , Wenli Xiao , Guanqi He , Changliu Liu , Guanya Shi

Dynamic walking on bipedal robots has evolved from an idea in science fiction to a practical reality. This is due to continued progress in three key areas: a mathematical understanding of locomotion, the computational ability to encode this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Jenna Reher , Aaron D. Ames

This work explores the potential of using differentiable simulation for learning quadruped locomotion. Differentiable simulation promises fast convergence and stable training by computing low-variance first-order gradients using robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yunlong Song , Sangbae Kim , Davide Scaramuzza

Although humanoid and quadruped robots provide a wide range of capabilities, current control methods, such as Deep Reinforcement Learning, focus mainly on single skills. This approach is inefficient for solving more complicated tasks where…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Maciej Stępień , Rafael Kourdis , Constant Roux , Olivier Stasse

Modern Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms promise to solve difficult motor control problems directly from raw sensory inputs. Their attraction is due in part to the fact that they can represent a general class of methods that allow to…

Legged locomotion has recently achieved remarkable success with the progress of machine learning techniques, especially deep reinforcement learning (RL). Controllers employing neural networks have demonstrated empirical and qualitative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Fan Shi , Chong Zhang , Takahiro Miki , Joonho Lee , Marco Hutter , Stelian Coros

Robotic collaborative carrying could greatly benefit human activities like warehouse and construction site management. However, coordinating the simultaneous motion of multiple robots represents a significant challenge. Existing works…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Francesca Bray , Simone Tolomei , Andrei Cramariuc , Cesar Cadena , Marco Hutter

This paper addresses the challenge of terrain-adaptive dynamic locomotion in humanoid robots, a problem traditionally tackled by optimization-based methods or reinforcement learning (RL). Optimization-based methods, such as model-predictive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Shangqun Yu , Nisal Perera , Daniel Marew , Donghyun Kim

Most locomotion methods for humanoid robots focus on leg-based gaits, yet natural bipeds frequently rely on hands, knees, and elbows to establish additional contacts for stability and support in complex environments. This paper introduces…

On-robot Reinforcement Learning is a promising approach to train embodiment-aware policies for legged robots. However, the computational constraints of real-time learning on robots pose a significant challenge. We present a framework for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Nico Bohlinger , Jonathan Kinzel , Daniel Palenicek , Lukasz Antczak , Jan Peters

Humanoid parkour requires locomotion policies to coordinate whole-body dynamics across rapidly changing terrains such as stairs, gaps, slopes, and obstacles. Existing reinforcement learning policies are largely reactive, mapping…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yanheng Mai , Wenhao Xu , Zirui Huang , Yifei Fu , Shengwei Dong , Xinjue Wang , Kailun Huang , Yanzhe Xie , Renjing Xu

Bipedal locomotion is a key challenge in robotics, particularly for robots like Bolt, which have a point-foot design. This study explores the control of such underactuated robots using constrained reinforcement learning, addressing their…

Animals have remarkable abilities to adapt locomotion to different terrains and tasks. However, robots trained by means of reinforcement learning are typically able to solve only a single task and a transferred policy is usually inferior to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Arsen Kuzhamuratov , Dmitry Sorokin , Alexander Ulanov , A. I. Lvovsky

Safety concerns during the operation of legged robots must be addressed to enable their widespread use. Machine learning-based control methods that use model-based constraints provide promising means to improve robot safety. This study…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Berk Tosun , Evren Samur

We present experimental results using a passive whole-body control approach for quadruped robots that achieves dynamic locomotion while compliantly balancing the robot's trunk. We formulate the motion tracking as a Quadratic Program (QP)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Shamel Fahmi , Carlos Mastalli , Michele Focchi , Claudio Semini

Reinforcement learning has been widely applied to robotic control, but effective policy learning under partial observability remains a major challenge, especially in high-dimensional tasks like humanoid locomotion. To date, no prior work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Wuhao Wang , Zhiyong Chen

Recent advances in legged locomotion have enabled quadrupeds to walk on challenging terrains. However, bipedal robots are inherently more unstable and hence it's harder to design walking controllers for them. In this work, we leverage…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Ashish Kumar , Zhongyu Li , Jun Zeng , Deepak Pathak , Koushil Sreenath , Jitendra Malik

Terrain-aware locomotion has become an emerging topic in legged robotics. However, it is hard to generate diverse, challenging, and realistic unstructured terrains in simulation, which limits the way researchers evaluate their locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Chong Zhang , Lizhi Yang