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Compute-in-memory (CIM) is an efficient method for implementing deep neural networks (DNNs) but suffers from substantial overhead from analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), especially as ADC precision increases. Low-precision ADCs can reduce…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jiyoon Kim , Kang Eun Jeon , Yulhwa Kim , Jong Hwan Ko

Emerging device-based Computing-in-memory (CiM) has been proved to be a promising candidate for high-energy efficiency deep neural network (DNN) computations. However, most emerging devices suffer uncertainty issues, resulting in a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Zheyu Yan , Da-Cheng Juan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and their extensions, called 'deep-belief networks', are powerful neural networks that have found applications in the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence. The standard way to training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Haik Manukian , Fabio L. Traversa , Massimiliano Di Ventra

This paper presents a memristor-based compute-in-memory hardware accelerator for on-chip training and inference, focusing on its accuracy and efficiency against device variations, conductance errors, and input noise. Utilizing realistic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-28 M. Reza Eslami , Dhiman Biswas , Soheib Takhtardeshir , Sarah S. Sharif , Yaser M. Banad

Deep learning has made remarkable progress in various tasks, surpassing human performance in some cases. However, one drawback of neural networks is catastrophic forgetting, where a network trained on one task forgets the solution when…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Simone D'Agostino , Filippo Moro , Tifenn Hirtzlin , Julien Arcamone , Niccolò Castellani , Damien Querlioz , Melika Payvand , Elisa Vianello

Computing-in-memory (CIM) architectures demonstrate superior performance over traditional architectures. To unleash the potential of CIM accelerators, many compilation methods have been proposed, focusing on application scheduling…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Shixin Zhao , Yuming Li , Bing Li , Yintao He , Mengdi Wang , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Applications of Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) are promising for embedded systems with hard constraints on computing power. Contrary to conventional neural networks with the floating-point datatype, BNNs use binarized weights and activations…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Mahdi Zahedi , Taha Shahroodi , Stephan Wong , Said Hamdioui

Training machine learning (ML) algorithms is a computationally intensive process, which is frequently memory-bound due to repeatedly accessing large training datasets. As a result, processor-centric systems (e.g., CPU, GPU) suffer from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Juan Gómez-Luna , Yuxin Guo , Sylvan Brocard , Julien Legriel , Remy Cimadomo , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Gagandeep Singh , Onur Mutlu

Architectures that incorporate Computing-in-Memory (CiM) using emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) devices have become strong contenders for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration due to their impressive energy efficiency. Yet, a significant…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Compute-in-Memory (CIM) architectures have been widely studied for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration by reducing data transfer overhead between the memory and computing units. In conventional CIM design flows, system-level CIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Ming-Yen Lee , Shimeng Yu

Compute-in-memory (CiM) architectures promise significant improvements in energy efficiency and throughput for deep neural network acceleration by alleviating the von Neumann bottleneck. However, their reliance on emerging non-volatile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yifan Qin , Jiahao Zheng , Zheyu Yan , Wujie Wen , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Leveraging the high density and energy efficiency of Compute-In-Memory (CIM) crossbar-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) accelerators requires optimal Design Space Exploration (DSE), which becomes increasingly challenging as complex models for…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Arnob Saha , Bibhas Manna , Nikhil Kotikalapudi , Md Zesun Ahmed Mia , Rahul Kumar , Madhavan Swaminathan , Abhronil Sengupta

Compute-in-memory (CIM) techniques are widely employed in energy-efficient artificial intelligent (AI) processors. They alleviate power and latency bottlenecks caused by extensive data movements between compute and storage units. To extend…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Jianyi Yu , Tengxiao Wang , Yuxuan Wang , Xiang Fu , Fei Qiao , Ying Wang , Rui Yuan , Liyuan Liu , Cong Shi

Computing-in-Memory architectures based on non-volatile emerging memories have demonstrated great potential for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration thanks to their high energy efficiency. However, these emerging devices can suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

The quantization of weights to binary states in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) can replace resource-hungry multiply accumulate operations with simple accumulations. Such Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) exhibit greatly reduced resource and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Corey Lammie , Olga Krestinskaya , Alex James , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have transformed the field of machine learning and are widely deployed in many applications involving image, video, speech and natural language processing. The increasing compute demands of DNNs have been widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Sourjya Roy , Mustafa Ali , Anand Raghunathan

The high computation and memory storage of large deep neural networks (DNNs) models pose intensive challenges to the conventional Von-Neumann architecture, incurring substantial data movements in the memory hierarchy. The memristor crossbar…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Geng Yuan , Xiaolong Ma , Caiwen Ding , Sheng Lin , Tianyun Zhang , Zeinab S. Jalali , Yilong Zhao , Li Jiang , Sucheta Soundarajan , Yanzhi Wang

Memristor-based crossbar arrays represent a promising emerging memory technology to replace conventional memories by offering a high density and enabling computing-in-memory (CIM) paradigms. While analog computing provides the best…

The ever-increasing computation complexity of fast-growing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has requested new computing paradigms to overcome the memory wall in conventional Von Neumann computing architectures. The emerging Computing-In-Memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Kaining Zhou , Yangshuo He , Rui Xiao , Kejie Huang

Compute in-memory (CIM) is a promising technique that minimizes data transport, the primary performance bottleneck and energy cost of most data intensive applications. This has found wide-spread adoption in accelerating neural networks for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Brian Crafton , Samuel Spetalnick , Arijit Raychowdhury