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This study aims to develop surrogate models for accelerating decision making processes associated with carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Selection of sub-surface $CO_2$ storage sites often necessitates expensive and involved…

Efficient simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations for fluid flow is a long standing problem in applied mathematics, for which state-of-the-art methods require large compute resources. In this work, we propose a data-driven approach that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Jonathan Tompson , Kristofer Schlachter , Pablo Sprechmann , Ken Perlin

In applications of climate information, coarse-resolution climate projections commonly need to be downscaled to a finer grid. One challenge of this requirement is the modeling of sub-grid variability and the spatial and temporal dependence…

Global climate projections rely on computationally demanding Earth System Models (ESMs), which are typically limited to coarse spatial resolutions due to their high cost. To obtain high-resolution projections for regions of interest, it is…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Erik Larsson , Ramon Fuentes-Franco , Mikhail Ivanov , Fredrik Lindsten

Climate models are essential to understand and project climate change, yet long-standing biases and uncertainties in their projections remain. This is largely associated with the representation of subgrid-scale processes, particularly…

Spatio-temporal process models are often used for modeling dynamic physical and biological phenomena that evolve across space and time. These phenomena may exhibit environmental heterogeneity and complex interactions that are difficult to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-06 Pratik Nag , Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Sumeetpal Singh , Noel Cressie

The classical development of neural networks has primarily focused on learning mappings between finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces. Recently, this has been generalized to neural operators that learn mappings between function spaces. For…

Neural networks have emerged as promising tools for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), particularly through the application of neural operators. Training neural operators typically requires a large amount of training data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Chaoyu Liu , Chris Budd , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

The proliferation of data-driven models in weather and climate sciences has marked a significant paradigm shift, with advanced models demonstrating exceptional skill in medium-range forecasting. However, these models are often limited by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haiwen Guan , Moein Darman , Dibyajyoti Chakraborty , Troy Arcomano , Ashesh Chattopadhyay , Romit Maulik

We introduce a continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations employing coarse mesh measurements of only one component of the velocity field. This algorithm can be implemented with a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-23 Aseel Farhat , Evelyn Lunasin , Edriss S. Titi

Data-driven prediction of fluid flow and temperature distribution in marine and aerospace engineering has received extensive research and demonstrated its potential in real-time prediction recently. However, usually large amounts of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-02 Yanfang Lyu , Xiaoyu Zhao , Zhiqiang Gong , Xiao Kang , Wen Yao

Ensemble simulations of high-dimensional flow models (e.g., Navier Stokes type PDEs) are computationally prohibitive for real time applications. Neural operators enable fast inference but are limited by costly data requirements and poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Junho Choi , Teng-Yuan Chang , Namjung Kim , Youngjoon Hong

Scientific discovery and engineering design are currently limited by the time and cost of physical experiments, selected mostly through trial-and-error and intuition that require deep domain expertise. Numerical simulations present an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Nikola Kovachki , Zongyi Li , Miguel Liu-Schiaffini , Jean Kossaifi , Anima Anandkumar

Using a very cheap Data Assimilation (DA) method, I show an alternative approach to classical DA for numerical climate models which produce a large amount of "big data". The problematic features of state-of-the-art high resolution Regional…

Applications · Statistics 2016-10-12 Bijan Fallah

The impacts of climate change are felt by most critical systems, such as infrastructure, ecological systems, and power-plants. However, contemporary Earth System Models (ESM) are run at spatial resolutions too coarse for assessing effects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Thomas Vandal , Evan Kodra , Sangram Ganguly , Andrew Michaelis , Ramakrishna Nemani , Auroop R Ganguly

Efficiently modeling spatio-temporal (ST) physical processes and observations presents a challenging problem for the deep learning community. Many recent studies have concentrated on meticulously reconciling various advantages, leading to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hao Wu , Yuxuan Liang , Wei Xiong , Zhengyang Zhou , Wei Huang , Shilong Wang , Kun Wang

Monitoring the dynamics processes in combustors is crucial for safe and efficient operations. However, in practice, only limited data can be obtained due to limitations in the measurable quantities, visualization window, and temporal…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-07-27 Xingyu Su , Weiqi Ji , Long Zhang , Wantong Wu , Zhuyin Ren , Sili Deng

The accurate prediction of oceanographic variables is crucial for understanding climate change, managing marine resources, and optimizing maritime activities. Traditional ocean forecasting relies on numerical models; however, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Víctor Medina , Giovanny A. Cuervo-Londoño , Javier Sánchez

Traditional models of climate change use complex systems of coupled equations to simulate physical processes across the Earth system. These simulations are highly computationally expensive, limiting our predictions of climate change and…

Training an effective deep learning model to learn ocean processes involves careful choices of various hyperparameters. We leverage the advanced search algorithms for multiobjective optimization in DeepHyper, a scalable hyperparameter…