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Back-translation (BT) of target monolingual corpora is a widely used data augmentation strategy for neural machine translation (NMT), especially for low-resource language pairs. To improve effectiveness of the available BT data, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Sahana Ramnath , Melvin Johnson , Abhirut Gupta , Aravindan Raghuveer

Context-aware neural machine translation (NMT) is a promising direction to improve the translation quality by making use of the additional context, e.g., document-level translation, or having meta-information. Although there exist various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Jingjing Huo , Christian Herold , Yingbo Gao , Leonard Dahlmann , Shahram Khadivi , Hermann Ney

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great promise in multilingual machine translation (MT), even with limited bilingual supervision. However, fine-tuning LLMs with parallel corpora presents major challenges, namely parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Bo Li , Tianyu Dong , Shaolin Zhu , Deyi Xiong

There has been recent success in pre-training on monolingual data and fine-tuning on Machine Translation (MT), but it remains unclear how to best leverage a pre-trained model for a given MT task. This paper investigates the benefits and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Asa Cooper Stickland , Xian Li , Marjan Ghazvininejad

While quality estimation (QE) can play an important role in the translation process, its effectiveness relies on the availability and quality of training data. For QE in particular, high-quality labeled data is often lacking due to the high…

Unsupervised cross-lingual pretraining has achieved strong results in neural machine translation (NMT), by drastically reducing the need for large parallel data. Most approaches adapt masked-language modeling (MLM) to sequence-to-sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Christos Baziotis , Ivan Titov , Alexandra Birch , Barry Haddow

Domain adaptation has been well-studied in supervised neural machine translation (SNMT). However, it has not been well-studied for unsupervised neural machine translation (UNMT), although UNMT has recently achieved remarkable results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Haipeng Sun , Rui Wang , Kehai Chen , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita , Tiejun Zhao , Chenhui Chu

Although proper handling of discourse significantly contributes to the quality of machine translation (MT), these improvements are not adequately measured in common translation quality metrics. Recent works in context-aware MT attempt to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Patrick Fernandes , Kayo Yin , Emmy Liu , André F. T. Martins , Graham Neubig

For most language combinations, parallel data is either scarce or simply unavailable. To address this, unsupervised machine translation (UMT) exploits large amounts of monolingual data by using synthetic data generation techniques such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Dana Ruiter , Dietrich Klakow , Josef van Genabith , Cristina España-Bonet

Multilingual machine translation systems aim to make knowledge accessible across languages, yet learning effective cross-lingual representations remains challenging. These challenges are especially pronounced for low-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 David Stap

In this paper, we propose a new task of machine translation (MT), which is based on no parallel sentences but can refer to a ground-truth bilingual dictionary. Motivated by the ability of a monolingual speaker learning to translate via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Xiangyu Duan , Baijun Ji , Hao Jia , Min Tan , Min Zhang , Boxing Chen , Weihua Luo , Yue Zhang

Improving neural machine translation (NMT) models using the back-translations of the monolingual target data (synthetic parallel data) is currently the state-of-the-art approach for training improved translation systems. The quality of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Idris Abdulmumin , Bashir Shehu Galadanci , Abubakar Isa

Domain adaptive pretraining, i.e. the continued unsupervised pretraining of a language model on domain-specific text, improves the modelling of text for downstream tasks within the domain. Numerous real-world applications are based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Rasmus Kær Jørgensen , Mareike Hartmann , Xiang Dai , Desmond Elliott

This paper illustrates our approach to the shared task on large-scale multilingual machine translation in the sixth conference on machine translation (WMT-21). This work aims to build a single multilingual translation system with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Baohao Liao , Shahram Khadivi , Sanjika Hewavitharana

Self-training has proven effective for improving NMT performance by augmenting model training with synthetic parallel data. The common practice is to construct synthetic data based on a randomly sampled subset of large-scale monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Wenxiang Jiao , Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Shuming Shi , Michael R. Lyu , Irwin King

What can pre-trained multilingual sequence-to-sequence models like mBART contribute to translating low-resource languages? We conduct a thorough empirical experiment in 10 languages to ascertain this, considering five factors: (1) the…

Large language models have significantly advanced Multilingual Machine Translation (MMT), yet scaling to many languages while keeping quality robust across directions remains challenging. In this paper, we identify a failure mode of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Yingfeng Luo , Ziqiang Xu , Yuxuan Ouyang , Murun Yang , Dingyang Lin , Kaiyan Chang , Tong Zheng , Bei Li , Peinan Feng , Quan Du , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Previous works mostly focus on either multilingual or multi-domain aspects of neural machine translation (NMT). This paper investigates whether the domain information can be transferred across languages on the composition of multi-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Thuy-Trang Vu , Shahram Khadivi , Xuanli He , Dinh Phung , Gholamreza Haffari

Document-level neural machine translation (DocNMT) achieves coherent translations by incorporating cross-sentence context. However, for most language pairs there's a shortage of parallel documents, although parallel sentences are readily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Biao Zhang , Ankur Bapna , Melvin Johnson , Ali Dabirmoghaddam , Naveen Arivazhagan , Orhan Firat

Building Machine Translation (MT) systems for low-resource languages remains challenging. For many language pairs, parallel data are not widely available, and in such cases MT models do not achieve results comparable to those seen with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Alberto Poncelas , Jan Buts , James Hadley , Andy Way