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Quantum measurements under realistic conditions reveal only partial information about a system. Yet, by performing sequential measurements on the same system, additional information can be accessed. We investigate this problem in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Carles Roch I Carceller , Hanwool Lee , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Kieran Flatt , Joonwoo Bae

We report an experimental demonstration of effective entanglement in a prepare&measure type of quantum key distribution protocol. Coherent polarization states and heterodyne measurement to characterize the transmitted quantum states are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. Lorenz , J. Rigas , M. Heid , U. L. Andersen , N. Lütkenhaus , G. Leuchs

We theoretically predict, and experimentally verify with entangled photons, that outcome communication is not enough for hidden-state models to reproduce quantum steering. Hidden-state models with outcome communication correspond, in turn,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 R. V. Nery , M. M. Taddei , R. Chaves , L. Aolita

Quantum network sensing shows potential to enhance the estimation precision for functions of spatially distributed parameters beyond the shot noise limit. The key resource required for this task is possibly multi-partite quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Yoshihiro Ueda , Makoto Ishihara , Wojciech Roga , Masahiro Takeoka

A key issue of current quantum advantage experiments is that their verification requires a full classical simulation of the ideal computation. This limits the regime in which the experiments can be verified to precisely the regime in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Abhinav Deshpande , Bill Fefferman , Soumik Ghosh , Michael Gullans , Dominik Hangleiter

In this work, we present a practical and efficient framework for verifying entangled states when only a tomographically incomplete measurement setting is available-specifically, when access to observables is severely limited. We show how…

Any experiment attempting to verify the presence of entanglement in a physical system can only generate a finite amount of data. The statement that entanglement was present in the system can thus never be issued with certainty, requiring…

Predicting the outcomes of quantum measurements is a cornerstone of quantum information theory and a key resource for quantum technologies. Here, we introduce a comprehensive framework for quantifying the predictability of measurements on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Dennis I. Martínez-Moreno , Miguel Castillo-Celeita , Diego G. Bussandri

Quantum steering is the phenomenon whereby one party (Alice) proves entanglement by "steering'' the system of another party (Bob) into distinct ensembles of states, by performing different measurements on her subsystem. Here, we investigate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-04 Qiu-Cheng Song , Travis J. Baker , Howard M. Wiseman

In a measurement-device-independent or quantum-refereed protocol, a referee can verify whether two parties share entanglement or Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering without the need to trust either of the parties or their devices. The…

Quantum steering, as a manifestation of nonlocal quantum correlations, plays a crucial role in enabling various quantum information processing tasks. However, practical implementations are often hindered by significant challenges arising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Yan Zhao , Li-Juan Li , Zheng-Peng Xu , Liu Ye , Dong Wang

Observations or measurements taken of a quantum system (a small number of fundamental particles) are inherently random. If the state of the system depends on unknown parameters, then the distribution of the outcome depends on these…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Richard D. Gill

This thesis focuses on the experimental creation and detection of a variety of quantum correlations using nuclear magnetic resonance hardware. Quantum entanglement, being most common and counter-intuitive, is one of the main type considered…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-16 Amandeep Singh

It is well known that quantum technology allows for an unprecedented level of data and software protection for quantum computers as well as for quantum-assisted classical computers. To exploit these properties, probabilistic one-time…

Quantum communication in general helps deter potential eavesdropping in the course of transmission of bits to enable secure communication between two or more parties. In this paper, we propose a novel quasi-deterministic secure quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-08 Sujan Vijayaraj , S. Balakrishnan , K. Senthilnathan

The outcomes of quantum mechanical experiments are inherently random. It is therefore necessary to develop stringent methods for quantifying the degree of statistical uncertainty about the results of quantum experiments. For the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Daniel Suess , Łukasz Rudnicki , Thiago O. Maciel , David Gross

With the advance of quantum information technology, the question of how to most efficiently test quantum circuits is becoming of increasing relevance. Here we introduce the statistics of lengths of measurement sequences that allows one to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 N. Milazzo , D. Braun , O. Giraud

Motivated by applications to covert quantum radar, we analyze a covert quantum sensing problem, in which a legitimate user aims at estimating an unknown parameter taking finitely many values by probing a quantum channel while remaining…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Mehrdad Tahmasbi , Matthieu Bloch

The resources needed to conventionally characterize a quantum system are overwhelmingly large for high- dimensional systems. This obstacle may be overcome by abandoning traditional cornerstones of quantum measurement, such as general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-17 Gregory A. Howland , Samuel H. Knarr , James Schneeloch , Daniel J. Lum , John C. Howell

It is known that quantum correlations exhibited by a maximally entangled qubit pair can be simulated with the help of shared randomness, supplemented with additional resources, such as communication, post-selection or non-local boxes. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Julien Degorre , Sophie Laplante , Jérémie Roland