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Security and dependability of devices are paramount for the IoT ecosystem. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT) is the de facto standard and the most common alternative for those limited devices that cannot leverage HTTP.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Edoardo Di Paolo , Enrico Bassetti , Angelo Spognardi

Asynchronous messaging is a cornerstone of modern distributed systems, enabling decoupled communication for scalable and resilient applications. Today's message queue (MQ) ecosystem spans a wide range of designs, from high-throughput…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tapajit Chandra Paul , Pawissanutt Lertpongrujikorn , Hai Duc Nguyen , Mohsen Amini Salehi

In the last few years, the Message Queueing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) publish/subscribe protocol emerged as the de facto standard communication protocol for IoT, M2M and wireless sensor networks applications. Such popularity is mainly due…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Riccardo Giambona , Alessandro E. C. Redondi , Matteo Cesana

This paper analyzes the security of the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). The main objective consists of identifying vulnerabilities and proposing security improvements.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ricardo Venâncio , Clarisse Sousa , Filipe Duarte , Luís Ribeiro

MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) has become the perfect messaging protocol for IoT (Internet of Things) systems since it is the lightest protocol designed for low bandwidth, high-latency, unreliable networks. Today, the strategy…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Fatma Hmissi , Sofiane Ouni

The latest surveys estimate an increasing number of connected Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices (around 16 billion) despite the sector's shortage of manufacturers. All these devices deployed into the wild will collect data to guide…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Keila Lima , Tosin Daniel Oyetoyan , Rogardt Heldal , Wilhelm Hasselbring

Transport and security protocols are essential to ensure reliable and secure communication between two parties. For IoT applications, these protocols must be lightweight, since IoT devices are usually resource constrained. Unfortunately,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Puneet Kumar , Behnam Dezfouli

Internet of Things is revolutionizing the current era with its vast usage in number of fields such as medicine, automation, home security, smart cities, etc. As these IoT devices' uses are increasing, the threat to its security and to its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Anal Shah , Palak Rajdev , Jaidip Kotak

MQTT, one of the most popular protocols for the IoT, works according to a publish/subscribe pattern in which multiple clients connect to a single broker, generally hosted in the cloud. However, such a centralised approach does not scale…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Edoardo Longo , Alessandro Enrico Cesare Redondi , Matteo Cesana , Andrès Arcia-Moret , Pietro Manzoni

IoT applications are promising for future daily activities; therefore, the number of IoT connected devices is expected to reach billions in the coming few years. However, IoT has different application frameworks. Furthermore, IoT…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Khalid S. Aloufi , Omar H. Alhazmi

The Internet of Things (IoT) age is upon us. As we look to build larger networks with more devices connected to the Internet, the need for lightweight protocols that minimize the use of both energy and computation gain popularity. One such…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Andrew Fisher , Gautam Srivastava , Robert Bryce

The purpose of this study is to present two new architectures of the complexes of embedded systems in the context of the Internet of Things. The proposed new schemes use the MQTT protocol, but provide both an autonomous operation and an…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Oleksandr Kovalchuk , Yuri Gordienko , Sergii Stirenko

Physical health records belong to healthcare providers, but the information contained within belongs to each patient. In an increasing manner, more health-related data is being acquired by wearables and other IoT devices following the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Carlos Segarra , Ricard Delgado-Gonzalo , Valerio Schiavoni

Message queuing brokers are a fundamental building block of the Internet of Things, commonly used to store and forward messages from publishing clients to subscribing clients. Often a single trusted broker offers secured (e.g. TLS) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Korbinian Spielvogel , Henrich Pöhls , Joachim Posegga

Energy consumption in current large scale computing infrastructures is becoming a critical issue, especially with the growing demand for centralized systems such as cloud environments. With the advancement of microservice architectures and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Maria Voreakou , George Kousiouris , Mara Nikolaidou

There has been growing interest in using the QUIC transport protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT). In lossy and high latency networks, QUIC outperforms TCP and TLS. Since IoT greatly differs from traditional networks in terms of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Darius Saif , Ashraf Matrawy

This paper surveys the message brokers that are in vogue today for distributed communication. Their primary goal is to facilitate the construction of decentralized topologies without single points of failure, enabling fault tolerance and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Vineet John , Xia Liu

Quantum software tools for a wide variety of design tasks on and across different levels of abstraction are crucial in order to eventually realize useful quantum applications. This requires practical and relevant benchmarks for new software…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Nils Quetschlich , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

MQTT protocol is a publish/subscribe message protocol based on TCP/IP protocol. It has the characteristics of low power consumption, scalability, openness and simplicity. HTTP protocol is an open and low-cost request/reply message protocol…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Zhen-tang Shao , Meng-xing Huang , Di Wu , Xu Zhang , Ao Huang

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the main research fields in the Cybersecurity domain. This is due to (a) the increased dependency on automated device, and (b) the inadequacy of general purpose Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Hanan Hindy , Ethan Bayne , Miroslav Bures , Robert Atkinson , Christos Tachtatzis , Xavier Bellekens
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