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Recent approaches to multilingual open-domain question answering (MLODQA) have achieved promising results given abundant language-specific training data. However, the considerable annotation cost limits the application of these methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Fan Jiang , Tom Drummond , Trevor Cohn

Although language models (LMs) have boosted the performance of Question Answering, they still need plenty of data. Data annotation, in contrast, is a time-consuming process. This especially applies to Question Answering, where possibly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Maximilian Schmidt , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Ngoc Thang Vu

In-context learning with Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising avenue of research in Dialog State Tracking (DST). However, the best-performing in-context learning methods involve retrieving and adding similar examples to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Atharva Kulkarni , Bo-Hsiang Tseng , Joel Ruben Antony Moniz , Dhivya Piraviperumal , Hong Yu , Shruti Bhargava

In this work, we aim to capitalize on the unique few-shot capabilities of large-scale language models (LSLMs) to overcome some of their challenges with respect to grounding to factual and up-to-date information. Motivated by semi-parametric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Angeliki Lazaridou , Elena Gribovskaya , Wojciech Stokowiec , Nikolai Grigorev

Multi-hop Question Generation is the task of generating questions which require the reader to reason over and combine information spread across multiple passages using several reasoning steps. Chain-of-thought rationale generation has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Saurabh Kulshreshtha , Anna Rumshisky

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention, but the definition of "large" lacks clarity. This paper focuses on medium-sized language models (MLMs), defined as having at least six billion parameters but less than 100…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 René Peinl , Johannes Wirth

Over-prompting, a phenomenon where excessive examples in prompts lead to diminished performance in Large Language Models (LLMs), challenges the conventional wisdom about in-context few-shot learning. To investigate this few-shot dilemma, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yongjian Tang , Doruk Tuncel , Christian Koerner , Thomas Runkler

Recent advances in few-shot question answering (QA) mostly rely on the power of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) and fine-tuning in specific settings. Although the pre-training stage has already equipped LLMs with powerful reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Xiusi Chen , Jyun-Yu Jiang , Wei-Cheng Chang , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Wei Wang

Large language models (LLMs) can be used as accessible and intelligent chatbots by constructing natural language queries and directly inputting the prompt into the large language model. However, different prompt' constructions often lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jinta Weng , Jiarui Zhang , Yue Hu , Daidong Fa , Xiaofeng Xuand , Heyan Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant strides at code generation through improved model design, training, and chain-of-thought. However, prompt-level optimizations remain an important yet under-explored aspect of LLMs for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Derek Xu , Tong Xie , Botao Xia , Haoyu Li , Yunsheng Bai , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang

Multiple Choice Question Answering (MCQA) is an important problem with numerous real-world applications, such as medicine, law, and education. The high cost of building MCQA datasets makes few-shot learning pivotal in this domain. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Patrick Sutanto , Joan Santoso , Esther Irawati Setiawan , Aji Prasetya Wibawa

We introduce a large language model (LLM) based approach to answer complex questions requiring multi-hop numerical reasoning over financial reports. While LLMs have exhibited remarkable performance on various natural language and reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Karmvir Singh Phogat , Chetan Harsha , Sridhar Dasaratha , Shashishekar Ramakrishna , Sai Akhil Puranam

Prompting language models (LMs) with training examples and task descriptions has been seen as critical to recent successes in few-shot learning. In this work, we show that finetuning LMs in the few-shot setting can considerably reduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Robert L. Logan , Ivana Balažević , Eric Wallace , Fabio Petroni , Sameer Singh , Sebastian Riedel

In today's fast-paced industry, professionals face the challenge of summarizing a large number of documents and extracting vital information from them on a daily basis. These metrics are frequently hidden away in tables and/or their nested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Che Guan , Mengyu Huang , Peng Zhang

Recent work has demonstrated substantial gains on many NLP tasks and benchmarks by pre-training on a large corpus of text followed by fine-tuning on a specific task. While typically task-agnostic in architecture, this method still requires…

The success of large language models (LLMs) depends heavily on large-scale, high-quality instruction-following and reinforcement datasets. However, generating such data through human annotation is prohibitively time-consuming particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhua Shi , Gregor Macdonald , Bhavika Jalli , Wanlu Lei , John Zou , Mridul Jain , Joji Philip

Prompt-based knowledge probing for 1-hop relations has been used to measure how much world knowledge is stored in pretrained language models. Existing work uses considerable amounts of data to tune the prompts for better performance. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Tianxing He , Kyunghyun Cho , James Glass

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) can be accurately fine-tuned for downstream text processing tasks. Recently, researchers have introduced several parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods that optimize input prompts or adjust a small number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Saeed Najafi , Alona Fyshe

Prior work on language models (LMs) shows that training on a large number of diverse tasks improves few-shot learning (FSL) performance on new tasks. We take this to the extreme, automatically extracting 413,299 tasks from internet tables -…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Jun Shern Chan , Michael Pieler , Jonathan Jao , Jérémy Scheurer , Ethan Perez

The extraction of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) synthesis route from literature has been crucial for the logical MOFs design with desirable functionality. The recent advent of large language models (LLMs) provides disruptively new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Lei Shi , Zhimeng Liu , Yi Yang , Weize Wu , Yuyang Zhang , Hongbo Zhang , Jing Lin , Siyu Wu , Zihan Chen , Ruiming Li , Nan Wang , Zipeng Liu , Huobin Tan , Hongyi Gao , Yue Zhang , Ge Wang
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