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Testing is essential to modern software engineering for building reliable software. Given the high costs of manually creating test cases, automated test case generation, particularly methods utilizing large language models, has become…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Yifeng He , Jicheng Wang , Yuyang Rong , Hao Chen

Fuzz Testing techniques are the state of the art in software testing for security issues nowadays. Their great effectiveness attracted the attention of researchers and hackers and involved them in developing a lot of new techniques to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Andrea Fioraldi , Luigi Paolo Pileggi

Appropriate test data is a crucial factor to reach success in dynamic software testing, e.g., fuzzing. Most of the real-world applications, however, accept complex structure inputs containing data surrounded by meta-data which is processed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Morteza Zakeri Nasrabadi , Saeed Parsa , Akram Kalaee

Testing with randomly generated inputs (fuzzing) has gained significant traction due to its capacity to expose program vulnerabilities automatically. Fuzz testing campaigns generate large amounts of data, making them ideal for the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Maria-Irina Nicolae , Max Eisele , Andreas Zeller

Security vulnerabilities in Internet-of-Things devices, mobile platforms, and autonomous systems remain critical. Traditional mutation-based fuzzers -- while effectively explore code paths -- primarily perform byte- or bit-level edits…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Mengdi Lu , Steven Ding , Furkan Alaca , Philippe Charland

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread use in various applications due to their powerful capability to generate human-like text. However, prompt injection attacks, which involve overwriting a model's original instructions with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Jiahao Yu , Yangguang Shao , Hanwen Miao , Junzheng Shi

Fuzzing is the process of finding security vulnerabilities in input-processing code by repeatedly testing the code with modified inputs. In this paper, we formalize fuzzing as a reinforcement learning problem using the concept of Markov…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Konstantin Böttinger , Patrice Godefroid , Rishabh Singh

Many software projects employ manual code review to gatekeep defects and vulnerabilities in the code before integration. However, reviewers often work under time pressure and rely primarily on static inspection, leaving the dynamic aspects…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Wachiraphan Charoenwet , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Van-Thuan Pham , Christoph Treude

Fuzz testing has enjoyed great success at discovering security critical bugs in real software. Recently, researchers have devoted significant effort to devising new fuzzing techniques, strategies, and algorithms. Such new ideas are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-22 George Klees , Andrew Ruef , Benji Cooper , Shiyi Wei , Michael Hicks

A Large Language Model (LLM) represents a cutting-edge artificial intelligence model that generates coherent content, including grammatically precise sentences, human-like paragraphs, and syntactically accurate code snippets. LLMs can play…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Robson Santos , Italo Santos , Cleyton Magalhaes , Ronnie de Souza Santos

MLFuzz, a work accepted at ACM FSE 2023, revisits the performance of a machine learning-based fuzzer, NEUZZ. We demonstrate that its main conclusion is entirely wrong due to several fatal bugs in the implementation and wrong evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Dongdong She , Kexin Pei , Junfeng Yang , Baishakhi Ray , Suman Jana

Code analysis is fundamental in Software Engineering, supporting debugging, optimization, and security assessment. Human developers approach it through syntax parsing, static semantics inference, and dynamic reasoning. Traditional tools are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Wei Ma , Zhihao Lin , Shangqing Liu , Qiang Hu , Ye Liu , Wenhan Wang , Cen Zhang , Liming Nie , Li Li , Yang Liu , Lingxiao Jiang

With the rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in automated code refactoring, assessing and ensuring functional equivalence between LLM-generated refactoring and the original implementation becomes critical. While prior work…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Simantika Bhattacharjee Dristi , Matthew B. Dwyer

Fuzzing has emerged as a powerful technique for finding security bugs in complicated real-world applications. American fuzzy lop (AFL), a leading fuzzing tool, has demonstrated its powerful bug finding ability through a vast number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Tai D. Nguyen , Long H. Pham , Jun Sun

Jailbreak vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs), which exploit meticulously crafted prompts to elicit content that violates service guidelines, have captured the attention of research communities. While model owners can defend…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Dongyu Yao , Jianshu Zhang , Ian G. Harris , Marcel Carlsson

We introduce a modular prompting framework that supports safer and more adaptive use of large language models (LLMs) across dynamic, user-centered tasks. Grounded in human learning theory, particularly the Zone of Proximal Development…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Vanessa Figueiredo

Fault localization is a critical process that involves identifying specific program elements responsible for program failures. Manually pinpointing these elements, such as classes, methods, or statements, which are associated with a fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Ratnadira Widyasari , Jia Wei Ang , Truong Giang Nguyen , Neil Sharma , David Lo

Deep learning (DL) libraries, widely used in AI applications, often contain vulnerabilities like buffer overflows and use-after-free errors. Traditional fuzzing struggles with the complexity and API diversity of DL libraries such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Kunpeng Zhang , Shuai Wang , Jitao Han , Xiaogang Zhu , Xian Li , Shaohua Wang , Sheng Wen

Fuzzing has achieved tremendous success in discovering bugs and vulnerabilities in various software systems. Systems under test (SUTs) that take in programming or formal language as inputs, e.g., compilers, runtime engines, constraint…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Matteo Paltenghi , Jia Le Tian , Michael Pradel , Lingming Zhang

Fuzzing, a widely-used technique for bug detection, has seen advancements through Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite their potential, LLMs face specific challenges in fuzzing. In this paper, we identified five major challenges of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yu Jiang , Jie Liang , Fuchen Ma , Yuanliang Chen , Chijin Zhou , Yuheng Shen , Zhiyong Wu , Jingzhou Fu , Mingzhe Wang , ShanShan Li , Quan Zhang