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Intra-device parallelism addresses resource under-utilization in ML inference and training by overlapping the execution of operators with different resource usage. However, its wide adoption is hindered by a fundamental conflict with the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yi Pan , Yile Gu , Jinbin Luo , Yibo Wu , Ziren Wang , Hongtao Zhang , Ziyi Xu , Shengkai Lin , Baris Kasikci , Stephanie Wang

Deploying large language models (LLMs) in real-time systems remains challenging due to their substantial computational demands and privacy concerns. We propose Floe, a hybrid federated learning framework designed for latency-sensitive,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chunlin Tian , Kahou Tam , Yebo Wu , Shuaihang Zhong , Li Li , Nicholas D. Lane , Chengzhong Xu

Flow-based generative models are powerful exact likelihood models with efficient sampling and inference. Despite their computational efficiency, flow-based models generally have much worse density modeling performance compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Jonathan Ho , Xi Chen , Aravind Srinivas , Yan Duan , Pieter Abbeel

The recently proposed Conformer architecture which combines convolution with attention to capture both local and global dependencies has become the \textit{de facto} backbone model for Automatic Speech Recognition~(ASR). Inherited from the…

Powerful foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), with Transformer architectures have ushered in a new era of Generative AI across various industries. Industry and research community have witnessed a large number of new…

Transformer-based large language model (LLM) inference serving is now the backbone of many cloud services. LLM inference consists of a prefill phase and a decode phase. However, existing LLM deployment practices often overlook the distinct…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Cunchen Hu , Heyang Huang , Liangliang Xu , Xusheng Chen , Jiang Xu , Shuang Chen , Hao Feng , Chenxi Wang , Sa Wang , Yungang Bao , Ninghui Sun , Yizhou Shan

Autoregressive decoding of large language models (LLMs) is memory bandwidth bounded, resulting in high latency and significant wastes of the parallel processing power of modern accelerators. Existing methods for accelerating LLM decoding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yichao Fu , Peter Bailis , Ion Stoica , Hao Zhang

To advance continuous-valued token modeling and temporal-coherence enforcement, we propose FELLE, an autoregressive model that integrates language modeling with token-wise flow matching. By leveraging the autoregressive nature of language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Hui Wang , Shujie Liu , Lingwei Meng , Jinyu Li , Yifan Yang , Shiwan Zhao , Haiyang Sun , Yanqing Liu , Haoqin Sun , Jiaming Zhou , Yan Lu , Yong Qin

Transition Matching (TM) is an emerging paradigm for generative modeling that generalizes diffusion and flow-matching models as well as continuous-state autoregressive models. TM, similar to previous paradigms, gradually transforms noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Uriel Singer , Yaron Lipman

Large language models (LLMs) power many state-of-the-art systems in natural language processing. However, these models are extremely computationally expensive, even at inference time, raising the natural question: when is the extra cost of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Deepak Narayanan , Keshav Santhanam , Peter Henderson , Rishi Bommasani , Tony Lee , Percy Liang

Transformer-based models have unlocked a plethora of powerful intelligent applications at the edge, such as voice assistant in smart home. Traditional deployment approaches offload the inference workloads to the remote cloud server, which…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Shengyuan Ye , Jiangsu Du , Liekang Zeng , Wenzhong Ou , Xiaowen Chu , Yutong Lu , Xu Chen

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation framework for fluid-flow prediction is developed on the Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) platform. The TPU architecture is featured with accelerated dense matrix multiplication, large high…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Qing Wang , Matthias Ihme , Yi-Fan Chen , John Anderson

State-of-the-art data stream mining has long drawn from ensembles of the Very Fast Decision Tree, a seminal algorithm honored with the 2015 KDD Test-of-Time Award. However, the emergence of large tabular models, i.e., transformers designed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Afonso Lourenço , João Gama , Eric P. Xing , Goreti Marreiros

In this work, we show that the impact of model capacity varies across timesteps: it is crucial for the early and late stages but largely negligible during the intermediate stage. Accordingly, we propose FlowBlending, a stage-aware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Jibin Song , Mingi Kwon , Jaeseok Jeong , Youngjung Uh

A convolutional encoder-decoder-based transformer model is proposed for autoregressively training on spatio-temporal data of turbulent flows. The prediction of future fluid flow fields is based on the previously predicted fluid flow field…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-03-31 Aakash Patil , Jonathan Viquerat , Elie Hachem

Recent innovations in generative large language models (LLMs) have made their applications and use-cases ubiquitous. This has led to large-scale deployments of these models, using complex, expensive, and power-hungry AI accelerators, most…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Pratyush Patel , Esha Choukse , Chaojie Zhang , Aashaka Shah , Íñigo Goiri , Saeed Maleki , Ricardo Bianchini

Diffusion-based vision-language-action models (dVLAs) are promising for embodied intelligence but are fundamentally limited in real-time deployment by the high latency of full inference. We propose Realtime-VLA FLASH, a speculative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiahui Niu , Kefan Gu , Yucheng Zhao , Shengwen Liang , Tiancai Wang , Xing Hu , Ying Wang , Huawei Li

Autoregressive models for text sometimes generate repetitive and low-quality output because errors accumulate during the steps of generation. This issue is often attributed to exposure bias - the difference between how a model is trained,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yizhe Zhang , Jiatao Gu , Zhuofeng Wu , Shuangfei Zhai , Josh Susskind , Navdeep Jaitly

The increasing scale and complexity of large language models (LLMs) pose significant inference latency challenges, primarily due to their autoregressive decoding paradigm characterized by the sequential nature of next-token prediction. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Keyu Chen , Zhifeng Shen , Daohai Yu , Haoqian Wu , Wei Wen , Jianfeng He , Ruizhi Qiao , Xing Sun

Directly modeling the explicit likelihood of the raw data distribution is key topic in the machine learning area, which achieves the scaling successes in Large Language Models by autoregressive modeling. However, continuous AR modeling over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Guangting Zheng , Qinyu Zhao , Tao Yang , Fei Xiao , Zhijie Lin , Jie Wu , Jiajun Deng , Yanyong Zhang , Rui Zhu