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Measuring the density profile of dark matter in the Solar neighborhood has important implications for both dark matter theory and experiment. In this work, we apply autoregressive flows to stars from a realistic simulation of a Milky…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-29 Matthew R Buckley , Sung Hak Lim , Eric Putney , David Shih

We present ClearPotential, a data-driven, three-dimensional measurement of the gravitational potential of the local Milky Way using unsupervised machine learning, without the symmetry assumptions, specific functional forms, and binning…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-20 Eric Putney , David Shih , Sung Hak Lim , Matthew R. Buckley

Vertical stellar kinematics+density can be used to trace the dark matter distribution [or the equivalent phantom mass in a Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) scenario] through Jeans equations. In this paper, we want to improve this type of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-16 Martin Lopez-Corredoira

We probe the gravitational force perpendicular to the Galactic plane at the position of the Sun based on a sample of red giants, with measurements taken from the DR3 Gaia catalogue. Measurements far out of the Galactic plane up to 3.5 kpc…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-02 O. Bienaymé , A. C. Robin , J. -B. Salomon , C. Reylé

The gravitational potential of the Milky Way encodes information about the distribution of all matter -- including dark matter -- throughout the Galaxy. Gaia data release 3 has revealed a complex structure that necessitates flexible models…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-05 Taavet Kalda , Gregory M. Green

We have mapped the number density and mean vertical velocity of the Milky Way's stellar disk out to roughly two kiloparsecs from the Sun using Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and complementary photo-astrometric distance information from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-14 Axel Widmark , Lawrence M. Widrow , Aneesh Naik

The Boltzmann equation relates the equilibrium phase space distribution of stars in the Milky Way to the Galaxy's gravitational potential. However, observations of stellar populations are biased by extinction from foreground dust, which…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-05 Eric Putney , David Shih , Sung Hak Lim , Matthew R. Buckley

We construct a dynamical model of the Milky Way disk from a data set, which combines Gaia EDR3 and APOGEE data throughout Galactocentric radii between $5.0\leq R\leq19.5$ kpc. We make use of the spherically-aligned Jeans Anisotropic Method…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-05 Maria Selina Nitschai , Anna-Christina Eilers , Nadine Neumayer , Michele Cappellari , Hans-Walter Rix

Our goal is to calculate the circular velocity curve of the Milky Way, along with corresponding uncertainties that quantify various sources of systematic uncertainty in a self-consistent manner. The observed rotational velocities are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-07 Sven Põder , María Benito , Joosep Pata , Rain Kipper , Heleri Ramler , Gert Hütsi , Indrek Kolka , Guillaume F. Thomas

An accurate knowledge of the dark matter distribution in the Milky Way is of crucial importance for galaxy formation studies and current searches for particle dark matter. In this paper we set new dynamical constraints on the Galactic dark…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-03 Miguel Pato , Fabio Iocco , Gianfranco Bertone

We determine the total dynamical matter density in the solar neighbourhood using the second Gaia data release (DR2). The dynamical matter density distribution is inferred in a framework of a Bayesian hierarchical model, which accounts for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-27 Axel Widmark

The circular velocity curve traced by stars provides a direct means of investigating the potential and mass distribution of the Milky Way. Recent measurements of the Galaxy's rotation curve have revealed a significant decrease in velocity…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-11-26 Francesco Sylos Labini

We use data from the Gaia DR3 dataset to estimate the mass of the Milky Way (MW) by analyzing the rotation curve in the range of distances 5 kpc to 28 kpc. We consider three mass models: the first model adds a spherical dark matter (DM)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-29 Francesco Sylos Labini , Zofia Chrobakova , Roberto Capuzzo-Dolcetta , Martin Lopez-Corredoira

Our current understanding of how dark matter (DM) is distributed within the Milky Way halo, particularly in the solar neighborhood, is based on either careful studies of the local stellar orbits, model assumptions on the global shape of the…

We construct the first comprehensive dynamical model for the high-quality subset of stellar kinematics of the Milky Way disc, with full 6D phase-space coordinates, provided by the Gaia Data Release 2. We adopt an axisymmetric approximation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-04-24 Maria Selina Nitschai , Michele Cappellari , Nadine Neumayer

This work explores dynamical models of the Milky Way (MW) by analyzing a sample of 86,109 K giant stars selected through cross-matching the LAMOST DR8 and Gaia EDR3 surveys. Our earlier torus models in Wang et al. (2017) did not include…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-26 Guang-Chen Sun , Qiao Wang , Shude Mao , Yichao Li , Richard J. Long , Ping-Jie Ding , Yougang Wang , Xin Zhang , Xuelei Chen

Matter distribution models of the Milky Way galaxy are usually stationary, although there are known to be wave-like perturbations in the disc at $\sim10\%$ level of the total density. Modelling of the overall acceleration field by allowing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-18 Rain Kipper , Peeter Tenjes , Elmo Tempel , Roberto de Propris

We present an atlas and follow-up spectroscopic observations of 87 thin stream-like structures detected with the STREAMFINDER algorithm in Gaia DR3, of which 29 are new discoveries. Here we focus on using these streams to refine mass models…

Using action-based distribution function for the dynamical model of the Milky Way we have estimated its total mass and its density profile. Constraints are coming from the globular cluster proper motions from Gaia EDR3, from the rotation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-30 Jianling Wang , Francois Hammer , Yanbin Yang

We present a new estimate of the mass of the Milky Way, inferred via a Bayesian approach by making use of tracers of the circular velocity in the disk plane and stars in the stellar halo, as from the publicly available {\tt galkin}…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-21 Ekaterina V. Karukes , Maria Benito , Fabio Iocco , Roberto Trotta , Alex Geringer-Sameth
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