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Related papers: Conditional Online Learning for Keyword Spotting

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Catastrophic forgetting is a thorny challenge when updating keyword spotting (KWS) models after deployment. To tackle such challenges, we propose a progressive continual learning strategy for small-footprint spoken keyword spotting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Yizheng Huang , Nana Hou , Nancy F. Chen

Keyword spotting (KWS) offers a vital mechanism to identify spoken commands in voice-enabled systems, where user demands often shift, requiring models to learn new keywords continually over time. However, a major problem is catastrophic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Yang Xiao , Tianyi Peng , Rohan Kumar Das , Yuchen Hu , Huiping Zhuang

Keyword spotting (KWS) is an essential function that enables interaction with ubiquitous smart devices. However, in resource-limited devices, KWS models are often static and can thus not adapt to new scenarios, such as added keywords. To…

Keyword Spotting (KWS) systems with small footprint models deployed on edge devices face significant accuracy and robustness challenges due to domain shifts caused by varying noise and recording conditions. To address this, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Prakash Dhungana , Sayed Ahmad Salehi

Keyword Spotting (KWS) models on embedded devices should adapt fast to new user-defined words without forgetting previous ones. Embedded devices have limited storage and computational resources, thus, they cannot save samples or update…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Umberto Michieli , Pablo Peso Parada , Mete Ozay

Keyword spotting (KWS) is a key component of smart devices, enabling efficient and intuitive audio interaction. However, standard KWS systems deployed on embedded devices often suffer performance degradation under real-world operating…

Keyword spotting (KWS) is becoming a ubiquitous need with the advancement in artificial intelligence and smart devices. Recent work in this field have focused on several different architectures to achieve good results on datasets with low…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-17 Anwesh Mohanty , Adrian Frischknecht , Christoph Gerum , Oliver Bringmann

This paper proposes a self-learning method to incrementally train (fine-tune) a personalized Keyword Spotting (KWS) model after the deployment on ultra-low power smart audio sensors. We address the fundamental problem of the absence of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Manuele Rusci , Francesco Paci , Marco Fariselli , Eric Flamand , Tinne Tuytelaars

A keyword spotting (KWS) engine that is continuously running on device is exposed to various speech signals that are usually unseen before. It is a challenging problem to build a small-footprint and high-performing KWS model with robustness…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhenyu Wang , Li Wan , Biqiao Zhang , Yiteng Huang , Shang-Wen Li , Ming Sun , Xin Lei , Zhaojun Yang

Robustness against noise is critical for keyword spotting (KWS) in real-world environments. To improve the robustness, a speech enhancement front-end is involved. Instead of treating the speech enhancement as a separated preprocessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Yue Gu , Zhihao Du , Hui Zhang , Xueliang Zhang

Keyword spotting (KWS) is experiencing an upswing due to the pervasiveness of small electronic devices that allow interaction with them via speech. Often, KWS systems are speaker-independent, which means that any person --user or not--…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Iván López-Espejo , Zheng-Hua Tan , Jesper Jensen

Keyword Spotting (KWS) from speech signals is widely applied to perform fully hands-free speech recognition. The KWS network is designed as a small-footprint model so it can continuously be active. Recent efforts have explored dynamic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-25 Donghyeon Kim , Kyungdeuk Ko , Jeonggi Kwak , David K. Han , Hanseok Ko

Speech recognition is a sequence prediction problem. Besides employing various deep learning approaches for framelevel classification, sequence-level discriminative training has been proved to be indispensable to achieve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Zhehuai Chen , Yanmin Qian , Kai Yu

Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting (SF-KWS) has gained popularity in today's landscape of smart voice-activated devices, smartphones, and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This surge is attributed to the advancements in Deep Learning,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Soumen Garai , Suman Samui

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) deals with the identification of keywords in audio streams and has become a fast-growing technology thanks to the paradigm shift introduced by deep learning a few years ago. This has allowed the rapid embedding…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Iván López-Espejo , Zheng-Hua Tan , John Hansen , Jesper Jensen

In this paper, we propose neural network models based on the neural ordinary differential equation (NODE) for small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS). We present techniques to apply NODE to KWS that make it possible to adopt Batch…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Hiroshi Fuketa , Yukinori Morita

Keyword spotting (KWS) on mobile devices generally requires a small memory footprint. However, most current models still maintain a large number of parameters in order to ensure good performance. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Shenghua Hu , Jing Wang , Yujun Wang , Lidong Yang , Wenjing Yang

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) is crucial for identifying keywords within audio inputs and is widely used in applications like Apple Siri and Google Home, particularly on edge devices. Current deep learning-based KWS systems, which are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Tianyi Peng , Yang Xiao

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) refers to the task of detecting words or terms within speech recordings, regardless of whether they were included in the training data. This paper introduces an open-vocabulary keyword spotting model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Yael Segal-Feldman , Ann R. Bradlow , Matthew Goldrick , Joseph Keshet

Despite the recent successes of deep neural networks, it remains challenging to achieve high precision keyword spotting task (KWS) on resource-constrained devices. In this study, we propose a novel context-aware and compact architecture for…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Xi Chen , Shouyi Yin , Dandan Song , Peng Ouyang , Leibo Liu , Shaojun Wei
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